The experimental data obtained with Pamela, Fermi, AMS‐02, and other spectrometers cannot be explained using the diffusive models of propagation of cosmic‐rays accelerated at the supernova shocks and require the existence of nearby sources of cosmic rays at the distances less than 1 kpc. These sources could explain the growth of the ratio of galactic positrons to electrons with an increase of their energy, the complex dependence of the exponent of the proton and alpha spectra from the energy of these particles, the appearance of anomaly component in cosmic rays. We consider active dwarf stars as possible sources of galactic cosmic rays in the energy range up to ∼10¹⁴ eV. These stars produce powerful stellar flares sometimes with energy release more than 10³⁶ erg. The generation of high‐energy cosmic rays should be accompanied by high‐energy gamma‐ray emission, which may be detected. Here we present the SHALON long‐term observation data aimed to search for gamma‐ray emission above 800 GeV from the active red dwarf stars: V388 Cas, V547 Cas, V780 Tau, V962 Tau, V1589 Cyg, GJ 3684, GJ 1078, and GL 851.1. The TeV gamma‐ray emission mostly of flaring type from these sources was detected. This result confirms that active dwarf stars are also the sources of high‐energy galactic cosmic rays.

中文翻译：

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红矮星是银河系宇宙射线的新来源

使用Pamela，Fermi，AMS-02和其他光谱仪获得的实验数据无法使用在超新星冲击时加速的宇宙射线传播扩散模型来解释，并且需要在距离小于1的地方存在邻近的宇宙射线源千次曝光出价。这些来源可以解释随着能量的增加银河正电子与电子之比的增长，质子指数和α光谱对这些粒子能量的复杂依赖性，宇宙射线中异常成分的出现。我们认为，积极的矮星作为能量范围银河宇宙射线的来源可能高达~10 ¹⁴电子伏特。这些恒星有时会产生强大的恒星耀斑，能量释放超过10 ³⁶尔格。高能宇宙射线的产生应伴有高能伽马射线的发射，可以被探测到。在这里，我们介绍了SHALON长期观测数据，旨在寻找活跃的红矮星的800 GeV以上的伽马射线发射：V388 Cas，V547 Cas，V780 Tau，V962 Tau，V1589 Cyg，GJ 3684，GJ 1078和GL 851.1。从这些来源检测到的TeV伽马射线大部分为喇叭形。这一结果证实了活跃的矮星也是高能银河宇宙射线的来源。