The advent of optical coherence tomography (OCT) revolutionized both clinical assessment and research of vitreoretinal conditions. Since then, extraordinary advances have been made in this imaging technology, including the relatively recent development of swept-source OCT (SS-OCT). SS-OCT enables a fast scan rate and utilizes a tunable swept laser, thus enabling the incorporation of longer wavelengths than conventional spectral-domain devices. These features enable imaging of larger areas with reduced motion artifact, and a better visualization of the choroidal vasculature, respectively. Building on the principles of OCT, swept-source OCT has also been applied to OCT angiography (SS-OCTA), thus enabling a non-invasive in depth-resolved imaging of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature. Despite their advantages, the widespread use of SS-OCT and SS-OCTA remains relatively limited.

In this review, we summarize the technical details, advantages and limitations of SS-OCT and SS-OCTA, with a particular emphasis on their relevance for the study of retinal conditions. Additionally, we comprehensively review relevant studies performed to date to the study of retinal health and disease, and highlight current gaps in knowledge and opportunities to take advantage of swept source technology to improve our current understanding of many medical and surgical chorioretinal conditions. We anticipate that SS-OCT and SS-OCTA will continue to evolve rapidly, contributing to a paradigm shift to more widespread adoption of new imaging technology to clinical practice.

光学相干断层扫描 (OCT) 的出现彻底改变了玻璃体视网膜疾病的临床评估和研究。从那时起，这种成像技术取得了非凡的进步，包括相对较新的扫频源 OCT (SS-OCT) 的发展。SS-OCT 能够实现快速扫描并利用可调谐扫频激光器，从而能够结合比传统光谱域设备更长的波长。这些功能分别使运动伪影减少的更大区域的成像和脉络膜脉管系统的更好可视化成为可能。基于 OCT 的原理，扫频源 OCT 也已应用于 OCT 血管造影 (SS-OCTA)，从而实现视网膜和脉络膜微血管系统的非侵入性深度分辨成像。尽管有他们的优势，

在这篇综述中，我们总结了 SS-OCT 和 SS-OCTA 的技术细节、优点和局限性，特别强调了它们与视网膜状况研究的相关性。此外，我们全面回顾了迄今为止进行的有关视网膜健康和疾病研究的相关研究，并强调了当前在知识和机会方面的差距，以利用扫描源技术来提高我们目前对许多内科和外科脉络膜视网膜疾病的了解。我们预计 SS-OCT 和 SS-OCTA 将继续快速发展，为新成像技术在临床实践中更广泛采用的范式转变做出贡献。