Given the importance of emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic factor in the development of psychopathology, a myriad of neuroimaging studies has investigated its neural underpinnings. However, single studies usually provide limited insight into the function of specific brain regions. Hence, to better understand the interaction between key regions involved in emotion generation and regulation, we performed a coordinate-based meta-analysis on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that examined emotion regulation-modulated connectivity of the amygdala using psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis. We analyzed fifteen PPI studies using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) algorithm. Investigating emotion regulation-modulated connectivity independent of regulation strategy and goal revealed convergent connectivity between the amygdala and the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), which was primarily driven by PPI studies implementing reappraisal as a regulation strategy. A more focused analysis testing for effective coupling during the down-regulation of emotions by using reappraisal specifically revealed convergent connectivity between the amygdala and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC). These prefrontal regions have been implicated in emotion regulatory processes such as working memory (dlPFC), language processes (vlPFC), and the attribution of mental states (dmPFC). Our findings suggest not only a dynamic modulation of connectivity between emotion generative and regulatory systems during the cognitive control of emotions, but also highlight the robustness of task-modulated prefrontal-amygdala coupling, thereby informing neurally-derived models of emotion regulation.

鉴于情绪调节作为心理病理学发展中的一种可诊断性因素的重要性，无数的神经影像学研究已经研究了其神经基础。但是，单项研究通常不能提供对特定大脑区域功能的了解。因此，为了更好地了解涉及情绪产生和调节的关键区域之间的相互作用，我们对功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究进行了基于坐标的荟萃分析，该研究使用心理生理学相互作用（PPI）检查了杏仁核的情绪调节-调制连接性）分析。我们使用激活可能性估计（ALE）算法分析了15个PPI研究。研究独立于调节策略和目标的情绪调节-调制连通性表明杏仁核与左前外侧前额叶皮层（vlPFC）之间的会聚连通性，这主要是由将重新评估作为调节策略的PPI研究驱动的。通过使用重新评估，在情绪下调期间进行有效耦合的更有针对性的分析测试明确揭示了杏仁核与右侧背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC），左侧腹外侧前额叶皮层（vlPFC）和背侧前额叶皮层（ dmPFC）。这些前额叶区域与情绪调节过程有关，例如工作记忆（dlPFC），语言过程（vlPFC）和精神状态的归因（dmPFC）。