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Quantifying the local cooling effects of urban green spaces: Evidence from Bengaluru, India
Landscape and Urban Planning ( IF 7.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104043
Arpit Shah , Amit Garg , Vimal Mishra

Rapid unplanned urbanization has led to a deterioration in green cover in Indian cities and an increase in urban temperatures due to the urban heat island (UHI) effect. With India’s urban population set to double from 400 million in 2011 to 800 million by 2050, it becomes critical to understand the role of urban green spaces (UGS) in mitigating the UHI. In this study, we have used high-resolution Landsat and Google Earth data and integrated it with spatial statistical analysis to quantify the cooling effects provided by UGS beyond their boundaries. We analyzed cooling effects at the level of individual UGS for 262 UGS in the megacity of Bengaluru, India. Our results showed that the average UGS provided local cooling effects till points 347 m (95% CI: 318 m to 376 m) beyond its boundary. The average UGS was 2.23 °C (95% CI: 2.13 °C to 2.33 °C) cooler than the point where it ceased to provide cooling effects. Cooling effects reduced with distance from the UGS, and were impacted by the greenness, size, and shape of the UGS. The findings of this study are important in the context of India’s Smart Cities Mission that has been criticized for an inadequate focus on urban greening. Our study addresses a concern that most previous studies have used a small sample of UGS for their analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify the role of UGS in localized surface temperature reduction for a large Indian city.



中文翻译:

量化城市绿地的局部降温效果:来自印度班加罗尔的证据

由于城市热岛效应(UHI),迅速的计划外城市化导致印度城市的绿化率下降,城市温度升高。印度的城市人口将从2011年的4亿增加一倍,到2050年达到8亿,因此了解城市绿地(UGS)在缓解UHI方面的作用变得至关重要。在这项研究中,我们使用了高分辨率的Landsat和Google Earth数据,并将其与空间统计分析相集成,以量化UGS超出其边界提供的冷却效果。我们分析了印度班加罗尔特大城市中262个UGS在单个UGS水平上的冷却效果。我们的结果表明,平均UGS会提供局部冷却作用,直至超出边界347 m(95%CI:318 m至376 m)。平均UGS为2.23°C(95%CI:2.13°C至2。比停止提供冷却效果的温度低33°C)。冷却效果随着与UGS距离的增加而降低,并且受UGS的绿色,尺寸和形状影响。在印度“智慧城市使命”的背景下,这项研究的发现很重要,该使命因对城市绿化的关注不足而受到批评。我们的研究解决了一个担忧,即以前的大多数研究都使用了少量的UGS样本进行分析。据我们所知,这是第一个量化UGS在印度大城市局部表面温度降低中的作用的研究。在印度“智慧城市使命”的背景下,这项研究的发现很重要,该使命因对城市绿化的关注不足而受到批评。我们的研究解决了一个担忧,即以前的大多数研究都使用了少量的UGS样本进行分析。据我们所知,这是第一个量化UGS在印度大城市局部表面温度降低中的作用的研究。在印度“智慧城市使命”的背景下,这项研究的发现很重要,该使命因对城市绿化的关注不足而受到批评。我们的研究解决了一个担忧,即以前的大多数研究都使用了少量的UGS样本进行分析。据我们所知,这是第一个量化UGS在印度大城市局部表面温度降低中的作用的研究。

更新日期:2021-01-29
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