Web technologies provide resources for the intensive use of colors in web pages. They are a core element in the design of interactive interfaces and are essential in the perception and understanding of information. However, color intensive design on the web affects the accessibility for users with color vision deficiency (CVD), who face difficulties in recognizing or distinguishing colors. CVD users may experience limitations and barriers in exploring web pages, even for simple tasks. Interface adaptation techniques may deal with several CVD visualization issues. Nevertheless, different situations and individual preferences turn choosing the most suitable recoloring technique into a complex task. Existing proposals in the literature fail in not considering various pathology types and individual preferences. This article defines a framework and techniques for the development of adaptive interfaces that facilitate the interaction of CVD people with web systems. The proposed research develops the FAIBOUD framework, which uses ontologies as artifacts for representing knowledge about CVD types, recoloring algorithms, and users’ access contexts and preferences. The FAIBOUD includes algorithms to support an adaptation decision process, which selects the most suited adaptation technique according to CVD type and access context. Our solution allows for the determination and automatic application of the best recoloring techniques to adapt interfaces for CVD users. Our experimental evaluation was conducted with fifteen CVD users. The results obtained from several illustrative scenarios demonstrate the benefits and enhancement of web interface accessibility based on our adaptive approach.

Web技术为密集使用网页中的颜色提供了资源。它们是交互界面设计中的核心元素，对于感知和理解信息至关重要。但是，网络上的色彩密集型设计会影响具有色觉缺陷（CVD）的用户的可访问性，这些用户在识别或区分颜色时会遇到困难。CVD用户在浏览网页时可能会遇到限制和障碍，即使是简单的任务也是如此。界面适应技术可以解决几个CVD可视化问题。然而，不同的情况和个人喜好使选择最合适的重新着色技术成为一项复杂的任务。文献中的现有建议未能考虑各种病理类型和个人喜好。本文定义了用于开发自适应界面的框架和技术，这些界面有助于CVD人员与Web系统的交互。拟议的研究开发了FAIBOUD框架，该框架使用本体作为工件来表示有关CVD类型，重新着色算法以及用户访问上下文和首选项的知识。FAIBOUD包括支持适应决策过程的算法，该过程根据CVD类型和访问上下文选择最适合的适应技术。我们的解决方案可以确定和自动应用最佳的重新着色技术，以适应CVD用户的界面。我们的实验评估是对15位CVD用户进行的。