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Robustness of life histories to environmental variability in complex versus simple life cycles
Theoretical Ecology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s12080-021-00501-1
Annie Jonsson

Most animal species have a complex life cycle (CLC) with metamorphosis. It is thus of interest to examine possible benefits of such life histories. The prevailing view is that CLC represents an adaptation for genetic decoupling of juvenile and adult traits, thereby allowing life stages to respond independently to different selective forces. Here I propose an additional potential advantage of CLCs that is, decreased variance in population growth rate due to habitat separation of life stages. Habitat separation of pre- and post-metamorphic stages means that the stages will experience different regimes of environmental variability. This is in contrast to species with simple life cycles (SLC) whose life stages often occupy one and the same habitat. The correlation in the fluctuations of the vital rates of life stages is therefore likely to be weaker in complex than in simple life cycles. By a theoretical framework using an analytical approach, I have (1) derived the relative advantage, in terms of long-run growth rate, of CLC over SLC phenotypes for a broad spectrum of life histories, and (2) explored which life histories that benefit most by a CLC, that is avoid correlation in vital rates between life stages. The direction and magnitude of gain depended on life history type and fluctuating vital rate. One implication of our study is that species with CLCs should, on average, be more robust to increased environmental variability caused by global warming than species with SLCs.



中文翻译:

在复杂的生命周期和简单的生命周期中,生命史对环境变化的鲁棒性

大多数动物物种都有复杂的生命周期(CLC),并具有变态。因此,有兴趣研究这种生活史的可能益处。普遍的观点是,CLC代表了对青少年和成人性状遗传脱钩的一种适应,从而使生命阶段能够独立地应对不同的选择力。在这里,我提出了CLC的另一个潜在优势,即由于生活阶段的栖息地分离,导致人口增长率差异减小。变形前和变形后阶段的栖息地分离意味着这些阶段将经历不同的环境变异机制。这与具有简单生命周期(SLC)的物种相反,该物种的生命阶段通常占据一个相同的栖息地。因此,与简单生命周期相比,复杂生命周期生命周期波动的相关性可能较弱。通过使用分析方法的理论框架,我得出了以下结论:(1)从长期增长率的角度出发,得出了CLC相对于SLC表型在众多生命历史中的相对优势,并且(2)探索了哪些生命历史可以CLC的最大好处是避免生命周期之间的生命率相关。获得的方向和幅度取决于生活史类型和生命率的波动。我们的研究的一个含义是,平均而言,具有CLC的物种比具有SLC的物种应对全球变暖导致的环境变异性更强。我已经(1)从长期增长率方面得出了CLC相对于SLC表型在众多生命史中的相对优势,并且(2)探索了哪些生命史最受CLC的受益,这是可以避免的生命阶段之间生命率的相关性。获得的方向和幅度取决于生活史类型和生命率的波动。我们的研究的一个含义是,平均而言,具有CLC的物种比具有SLC的物种更能抵抗全球变暖导致的环境变异性的增加。我已经(1)从长期增长率方面得出了CLC相对于SLC表型在众多生命史中的相对优势,并且(2)探索了哪些生命史最受CLC的受益,这是可以避免的生命阶段之间生命率的相关性。获得的方向和幅度取决于生活史类型和生命率的波动。我们的研究的一个含义是,平均而言,具有CLC的物种比具有SLC的物种应对全球变暖导致的环境变异性更强。获得的方向和幅度取决于生活史类型和生命率的波动。我们的研究的一个含义是,平均而言,具有CLC的物种比具有SLC的物种应对全球变暖导致的环境变异性更强。获得的方向和幅度取决于生活史类型和生命率的波动。我们的研究的一个含义是,平均而言,具有CLC的物种比具有SLC的物种应对全球变暖导致的环境变异性更强。

更新日期:2021-01-29
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