Abstract

Social Policy is concerned with minimising poverty and inequality through redistribution of goods and services. In the twentieth century, after the Second World War, European parliamentary democracies enlarged its ambit by making social policy an important instrument to create equality setting the benchmark for other countries. For the new independent countries in the global South, such as India, social policy followed different trajectories. In the aftermath of independence, India relied on preventive instruments to address the effects of famine, de-industrialisation and high levels of deprivation. Despite achieving high economic growth and rapid poverty reduction in the following decades, its dependence on targeted poverty reduction programme has remained. Recently, there has been some attempt to replace these strategies by rights-based programmes supported by legal framework advocated by civil society groups. Through a case study of The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 (referred to as FRA 2006), this article analyses the successes and failures in realising the goal of linking welfare provisions with the ideas of social citizenship and democratic rights. The article finds widening gulf in the interests of state actors and local community arising from the compromised interpretation of the social justice vision enshrined in FRA.

中文翻译：

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社会政策与国家-社区关系：印度森林权利风暴

摘要

社会政策关注通过重新分配商品和服务来最大程度地减少贫困和不平等。在20世纪，第二次世界大战后，欧洲议会民主制扩大了其范围，将社会政策作为创造平等的重要手段，为其他国家设定了基准。对于全球南方的新独立国家，例如印度，社会政策遵循不同的轨迹。独立后，印度依靠预防手段来应对饥荒，去工业化和高度贫困的影响。尽管在随后的几十年中实现了高经济增长和快速的减贫，但其对有针对性的减贫方案的依赖仍然存在。最近，已经进行了一些尝试，以民间社会团体倡导的法律框架为基础的基于权利的方案来取代这些战略。通过对2006年《排定的部落和其他传统森林居民（森林权利的承认）法》（简称为FRA 2006）进行案例研究，本文分析了实现将福利条款与社会观念联系起来的目标的成败公民权和民主权利。这篇文章发现，由于FRA所​​载的社会正义观的妥协解释，导致国家行为者和当地社区利益的鸿沟不断扩大。本文分析了实现将福利条款与社会公民权和民主权利的思想联系起来的目标的成败。这篇文章发现，FRA对社会正义愿景的妥协解释引起了国家行为者和当地社区利益的不断扩大。本文分析了实现将福利条款与社会公民权和民主权利的思想联系起来的目标的成败。这篇文章发现，由于FRA所​​载的社会正义观的妥协解释，导致国家行为者和当地社区利益的鸿沟不断扩大。