Abstract

Amygdalin has been promoted as an alternative cancer cure. However, it is still unclear how this cyanogenic glycoside affects non-cancer cells including bone cells. This study first investigated the impact of amygdalin on viability, morphology and expression of important genes in human osteoblasts in vitro. Primary human osteoblast cultures were exposed to amygdalin at concentrations 0; 0.1; 1 and 10 mg/mL in growth medium for 72 h. Cell viability, osteoblasts morphology and expression of 10 genes associated with osteoblast-specific pathways, oxidative stress and cell death were determined. Osteoblasts viability was significantly decreased (–27.26%) and their size was reduced (–23.20%) at the highest concentration of amygdalin (10 mg/mL). This concentration of amygdalin down-regulated the expression of COL1A1 and ALPL genes, whereas the expression of BGLAP, TNFSF11 and WNT5A genes was increased. The osteoblast cultivation with 0.1 mg/mL amygdalin caused down-regulation of COL1A1 gene. No changes in expression were determined for RUNX2, BAX, CASP1, SOD1 and GPX1 genes among all tested concentrations of amygdalin. In conclusion, amygdalin in a high concentration negatively affected mineralization of extracellular matrix, increased bone resorption and decreased osteoblast viability. These changes were accompanied by modified expression profiles of responsible genes.

摘要

苦杏仁苷已被推荐作为一种替代性的癌症治疗方法。但是，目前尚不清楚这种生氰苷如何影响包括骨细胞在内的非癌细胞。这项研究首先研究苦杏仁甙对活力，形态和人成骨细胞的重要基因表达的影响体外。将人类原代成骨细胞培养物暴露于浓度为0的苦杏仁苷；0.1; 1和10 mg / mL在生长培养基中放置72小时。测定细胞活力，成骨细胞形态和与成骨细胞特异性途径，氧化应激和细胞死亡相关的10个基因的表达。在最高浓度的苦杏仁苷（10 mg / mL）下，成骨细胞的活力显着降低（–27.26％），其大小减小（–23.20％）。苦杏仁苷的这种浓度下调了蛋白的表达COL1A1和ALPL基因，而BGLAP，TNFSF11和WNT5A基因的表达增加。用0.1 mg / mL苦杏仁苷进行成骨细胞培养会导致COL1A1基因下调。在表达无变化确定RUNX2，BAX，CASP1，SOD1和GPX1苦杏仁苷所有测试浓度中的基因。总之，高浓度的苦杏仁苷对细胞外基质的矿化有负面影响，增加了骨吸收并降低了成骨细胞的活力。这些变化伴随着负责任基因的修饰表达谱。