Objective In our study, we aimed to assess the differences in antibody titers against hepatitis B virus (HBV) prior and post leukemia therapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods Serum hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) levels of 96 ALL patients were compared before and postcessation of leukemia therapy from patients' medical records.

Discussion Fifty-five patients were male (57.2%) and 41 patients were female (42.7%), and the mean age was 6.1 years (range, 1 ± 15years) at the time of diagnosis. Thirty (32.3%) patients were anti-HBs negative, and 66 (68.7%) patients were anti-HBs positive at initial diagnosis. Anti-HBs–positive 66 patients were categorized into two groups, the first group consisted of 28 (42.4%) anti-HBs–negative patients, and the second group consisted of 38 (57.6%) anti-HBs–positive patients after leukemia therapy. On binary logistic regression analysis, lower initial anti-HBs titers were found to be related to anti-HBs negative results post leukemia therapy (relative risk = 3.696, 95% confidence interval: 2.046–6.678; p = 0.001). The area under the curve was 0.849 with 76.1% sensitivity (95% confidence interval: 0.60–0.87; p = 0.001) and 82.6% specificity (95% confidence interval: 0.69–0.91; p = 0.001); the initial anti-HBs titer cut-off value was found 42.9 IU/L.

Conclusion Patients with low-serum anti-HBs titers before leukemia therapy were likely to become anti-HBs negative post leukemia therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate anti-HBs titers after completing immunosuppressive therapy in patients with ALL.

目的 在我们的研究中，我们旨在评估急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患儿在白血病治疗前后抗乙肝病毒（HBV）抗体效价的差异。

方法 比较96例ALL患者在病历前后的血清乙肝表面抗体水平。

讨论 55例患者中，男性（57.2％），41例女性（42.7％），诊断时的平均年龄为6.1岁（范围：1±15岁）。最初诊断时，有30例（32.3％）患者抗HBs阳性，有66例（68.7％）患者抗HBs阳性。抗HBs阳性的患者分为两组，第一组包括28名（42.4％）抗HBs阴性患者，第二组包括38名（57.6％）接受白血病治疗的抗HBs阳性患者。在二元逻辑回归分析中，发现较低的初始抗-HBs滴度与白血病治疗后的抗-HBs阴性结果有关（相对风险= 3.696，95％置信区间：2.046–6.678；p = 0.001）。曲线下面积为0.849，灵敏度为76.1％（95％置信区间：0.60-0.87；p  = 0.001）和82.6％特异性（95％置信区间：0.69-0.91；p  = 0.001）；最初的抗-HBs滴度截止值为42.9 IU / L。

结论 白血病治疗前血清抗-HBs滴度低的患者可能在白血病治疗后变为抗-HBs阴性。因此，有必要对ALL患者进行免疫抑制治疗后评估其抗HBs滴度。