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Preparation and Evaluation of Rice Bran-Modified Urea Formaldehyde as Environmental Friendly Wood Adhesive
Global Challenges ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-27 , DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000044 Md Nazrul Islam 1 , Md Omar Faruk 1 , Md Nasim Rana 1 , Atanu Kumar Das 2 , Ahsan Habib 3
Global Challenges ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-27 , DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000044 Md Nazrul Islam 1 , Md Omar Faruk 1 , Md Nasim Rana 1 , Atanu Kumar Das 2 , Ahsan Habib 3
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In this study, defatted rice bran (RB) is used to prepare an environmentally friendly adhesive through chemical modifications. The RB is mixed with distilled water with ratios of 1:5 and 1:4 to prepare Type A and Type B adhesives, respectively having pH of 6, 8 and 10. Type A adhesive is prepared by treating RB with 1% potassium permanganate and 4% poly(vinyl alcohol), whereas Type B is formulated by adding 17.3% formaldehyde and 5.7% urea to RB. Viscosity, gel time, solid content, shear strength, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is carried out, and glass transition temperature (Tg), and activation energy (Ea) are determined to evaluate the performance of the adhesives. Ea data reveal that adhesives prepared at mild alkaline (pH 8) form long-chain polymers. Gel time is higher in the fabricated adhesives than that of the commercial urea formaldehyde (UF). FTIR data suggest that functional groups of the raw RB are chemically modified, which enhances the bondability of the adhesives. Shear strength data indicates that bonding strength increases with increasing pH. Similar results are also observed for physical and mechanical properties of fabricated particleboards with the adhesives. The results demonstrate that RB-based adhesives can be used as a potential alternative to currently used UF-based resin.
中文翻译：
米糠改性脲醛环保木材胶粘剂的制备及评价
本研究以脱脂米糠（RB）为原料，通过化学改性制备了一种环保型粘合剂。将RB与蒸馏水按1:5和1:4的比例混合，制备A型和B型粘合剂，其pH值分别为6、8和10。A型粘合剂是用1%高锰酸钾处理RB和4% 聚乙烯醇，而 B 型是在 RB 中添加 17.3% 甲醛和 5.7% 尿素配制而成。进行粘度、凝胶时间、固含量、剪切强度、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱，并测定玻璃化转变温度( T g )和活化能( E a )以评估粘合剂的性能。 Ea数据表明，在弱碱性（pH 8）下制备的粘合剂形成长链聚合物。所制造的粘合剂的凝胶时间比商业脲醛 (UF) 的凝胶时间更长。 FTIR 数据表明，原始 RB 的官能团经过化学改性，从而增强了粘合剂的粘合性。剪切强度数据表明粘合强度随着 pH 值的增加而增加。使用粘合剂制造的刨花板的物理和机械性能也观察到类似的结果。结果表明，RB 基粘合剂可以用作目前使用的 UF 基树脂的潜在替代品。
更新日期：2021-01-27
中文翻译：
米糠改性脲醛环保木材胶粘剂的制备及评价
本研究以脱脂米糠（RB）为原料，通过化学改性制备了一种环保型粘合剂。将RB与蒸馏水按1:5和1:4的比例混合，制备A型和B型粘合剂，其pH值分别为6、8和10。A型粘合剂是用1%高锰酸钾处理RB和4% 聚乙烯醇，而 B 型是在 RB 中添加 17.3% 甲醛和 5.7% 尿素配制而成。进行粘度、凝胶时间、固含量、剪切强度、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱，并测定玻璃化转变温度( T g )和活化能( E a )以评估粘合剂的性能。 Ea数据表明，在弱碱性（pH 8）下制备的粘合剂形成长链聚合物。所制造的粘合剂的凝胶时间比商业脲醛 (UF) 的凝胶时间更长。 FTIR 数据表明，原始 RB 的官能团经过化学改性，从而增强了粘合剂的粘合性。剪切强度数据表明粘合强度随着 pH 值的增加而增加。使用粘合剂制造的刨花板的物理和机械性能也观察到类似的结果。结果表明，RB 基粘合剂可以用作目前使用的 UF 基树脂的潜在替代品。
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