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tsRNAs: Novel small molecules from cell function and regulatory mechanism to therapeutic targets
Cell Proliferation ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-28 , DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12977
Tingyu Zong 1 , Yanyan Yang 2 , Hui Zhao 3 , Lin Li 4 , Meixin Liu 1 , Xiuxiu Fu 1 , Guozhang Tang 1 , Hong Zhou 1 , Lynn Htet Htet Aung 5 , Peifeng Li 5 , Jianxun Wang 2 , Zhibin Wang 1 , Tao Yu 1, 5
Affiliation  

tsRNAs are small fragments of RNAs with specific lengths that are generated by particular ribonucleases, such as dicer and angiogenin (ANG), clipping on the rings of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) in specific cells and tissues under specific conditions. Depending on where the splicing site is, tsRNAs can be segmented into two main types, tRNA‐derived stress‐induced RNAs (tiRNAs) and tRNA‐derived fragments (tRFs). Many studies have shown that tsRNAs are functional molecules, not the random degradative products of tRNAs. Notably, due to their regulatory mechanism in regulating mRNA stability, transcription, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and RNA reverse transcription, tsRNAs are significantly involved in the cell function, such as cell proliferation, migration, cycle and apoptosis, as well as the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. In addition, tsRNAs may represent a new generation of clinical biomarkers or therapeutic targets because of their stable structures, high conservation and widely distribution, particularly in the peripheral tissues, bodily fluids and exosomes. In this review, we describe the generation, function and mechanism of tsRNAs and illustrate the current research progress of tsRNAs in various diseases, highlight their potentials as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinical application. Although our understanding of tsRNAs is still in infancy, the application prospects shown in this field deserve further exploration.

中文翻译:

tsRNA:从细胞功能和调节机制到治疗靶点的新型小分子

tsRNA是具有特定长度的小片段RNA,由特定的核糖核酸酶(例如切丁酶和血管生成素(ANG))产生,在特定条件下夹在特定细胞和组织中的转移RNA(tRNA)环上。根据剪接位点的不同,tsRNA可以分为两种主要类型,tRNA衍生的应激诱导RNA(tiRNA)和tRNA衍生的片段(tRF)。许多研究表明,tsRNA是功能分子,而不是tRNA的随机降解产物。值得注意的是,由于tsRNA在调节mRNA稳定性,转录,核糖体RNA(rRNA)合成和RNA逆转录的调控机制,因此它们显着参与细胞功能,例如细胞增殖,迁移,周期和凋亡以及发生。和各种疾病的发展。此外,tsRNA由于其稳定的结构,高度的保守性和广泛的分布,尤其是在周围组织,体液和外泌体中,可能代表着新一代的临床生物标志物或治疗靶标。在这篇综述中,我们描述了tsRNA的产生,功能和机制,并阐明了tsRNA在各种疾病中的当前研究进展,突出了它们作为生物标志物和临床应用中的治疗靶标的潜力。尽管我们对tsRNA的了解仍处于起步阶段,但该领域显示的应用前景值得进一步探索。在这篇综述中,我们描述了tsRNA的产生,功能和机制,并阐明了tsRNA在各种疾病中的当前研究进展,突出了它们作为生物标志物和临床应用中的治疗靶标的潜力。尽管我们对tsRNA的了解仍处于起步阶段,但该领域显示的应用前景值得进一步探索。在这篇综述中,我们描述了tsRNA的产生,功能和机制,并阐明了tsRNA在各种疾病中的当前研究进展,突出了它们作为生物标志物和临床应用中的治疗靶标的潜力。尽管我们对tsRNA的了解仍处于起步阶段,但该领域显示的应用前景值得进一步探索。
更新日期:2021-03-09
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