The removal by adsorption of methylene blue dye from water using two-dimensional (2D) (graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) and three-dimensional (3D) (graphite and graphite oxide) carbon structures was studied. Two graphites with different degrees of graphitization were used to evaluate the significance of the carbon structural order in the adsorption efficiency, and therefore, the economic repercussions, because the degree of graphitization is related with the cost. Graphene oxides showed the best performance in methylene blue adsorption, with a removal of around 90%. The adsorption process was strongly influenced by the surface oxygenated groups, and electrostatic interaction was the main mechanism of adsorption. The degree of graphitization of the precursor does not have a strong influence on the adsorption results of methylene blue. Thus, graphene oxide with a lower degree of graphitization represents an economical and efficient adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue from water. The kinetic study was realized in pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and Elovich kinetic models in their linear and non-linear forms. According to the determination coefficient and the standard deviation, the experimental data were best fitted to the Elovich model in its non-linear form.

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亚甲基蓝从水中高吸附到石墨烯材料上：石墨化程度的影响和动力学模型分析

研究了使用二维 (2D)（氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯）和三维 (3D)（石墨和氧化石墨）碳结构从水中吸附亚甲蓝染料的去除。使用两种不同石墨化程度的石墨来评估碳结构顺序对吸附效率的重要性，因此，经济影响，因为石墨化程度与成本有关。氧化石墨烯在亚甲蓝吸附方面表现出最好的性能，去除率约为 90%。吸附过程受表面含氧基团的强烈影响，静电相互作用是吸附的主要机制。前驱体的石墨化程度对亚甲基蓝的吸附结果没有很强的影响。因此，石墨化程度较低的氧化石墨烯代表了一种经济高效的吸附剂，可用于从水中去除亚甲蓝。动力学研究以线性和非线性形式在伪一级、伪二级和 Elovich 动力学模型中实现。根据确定系数和标准偏差，实验数据最适合非线性形式的 Elovich 模型。