Traditional, mainstream definitions of drought describe it as deficit in water‐related variables or water‐dependent activities (e.g., precipitation, soil moisture, surface and groundwater storage, and irrigation) due to natural variabilities that are out of the control of local decision‐makers. Here, we argue that within coupled human‐water systems, drought must be defined and understood as a process as opposed to a product to help better frame and describe the complex and interrelated dynamics of both natural and human‐induced changes that define anthropogenic drought as a compound multidimensional and multiscale phenomenon, governed by the combination of natural water variability, climate change, human decisions and activities, and altered micro‐climate conditions due to changes in land and water management. This definition considers the full spectrum of dynamic feedbacks and processes (e.g., land‐atmosphere interactions and water and energy balance) within human‐nature systems that drive the development of anthropogenic drought. This process magnifies the water supply demand gap and can lead to water bankruptcy, which will become more rampant around the globe in the coming decades due to continuously growing water demands under compounding effects of climate change and global environmental degradation. This challenge has de facto implications for both short‐term and long‐term water resources planning and management, water governance, and policymaking. Herein, after a brief overview of the anthropogenic drought concept and its examples, we discuss existing research gaps and opportunities for better understanding, modeling, and management of this phenomenon.

中文翻译：

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人为干旱：定义，挑战和机遇

干旱的传统主流定义将其描述为与水有关的变量或与水有关的活动（例如降水，土壤湿度，地表水和地下水的储存以及灌溉）的不足，这是由于当地决策无法控制的自然变化所致。制造商。在这里，我们认为，在人水耦合系统中，必须将干旱定义和理解为一个过程，而不是一种产品，以帮助更好地描述人为干旱的自然和人为变化的复杂和相互关联的动态作为一种综合的多维和多尺度现象，受自然水可变性，气候变化，人类决策和活动以及由于土地和水管理变化而改变的微气候条件共同作用的支配。该定义考虑了人为系统中驱动人为干旱发展的动态反馈和过程（例如，陆地-大气相互作用以及水和能量平衡）的全部范围。这一过程扩大了供水需求缺口，并可能导致水资源破产，由于气候变化和全球环境恶化的复合影响下，水资源需求不断增长，在未来几十年中，水资源破产将在全球范围内更加猖ramp。实际上，这一挑战对短期和长期水资源规划和管理，水治理和政策制定均具有影响。在此，在对人为干旱概念及其示例进行了简要概述之后，我们讨论了现有的研究差距和机会，以更好地理解，建模和管理这种现象。