Pollution caused due to discharge of toxic and hazardous chemical contaminants from industrial processes is an issue of major environmental concern. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is one such known toxic heavy metal contaminant emanated largely from various industrial processes. Since physical-chemical treatment techniques are beset with several problems, there is an increased attention on the use of waste biomaterials/biomass as sorbents for the elimination of heavy metals from aqueous matrices. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of some low-cost waste biomaterials such as fruit wastes, agricultural and industrial waste/byproducts, waste parts of photosynthetic plants, aquatic plants and fungal biomass collected from different sources for the biosorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous matrices. Amid the tested biomaterials, wood apple shell (WAS) biomass (Limonia acidissima) was found to be highly efficient biosorbent for Cr(VI) sorption. In majority of biomass, it was observed that biosorption of Cr(VI) took place at acidic pH with optimum pH ranging from 2.0 to 5.0. Loading capacity of WAS biomass (29.37 mg/g) was higher than that of conventional adsorbent activated charcoal (26.56 mg/g), which was used as control. Cr(VI) treated biomass (WAS) was characterized using instrumental techniques such as Scanned Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) confirmed the adsorption of Cr(VI). Boehm titration and FTIR studies were conducted to ascertain the presence of functional groups responsible for Cr(VI) sorption by WAS biomass. The WAS biomass removed Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater with an efficiency of >99.9% thus complying with the statutory limits. Considering the economical aspect, the selected biomass can be viewed as a potential candidate for the elimination of toxic contaminant from wastewater.

由于从工业过程中排放有毒和有害化学污染物而引起的污染是主要的环境问题。六价铬[Cr（VI）]是一种已知的有毒重金属污染物，主要来自各种工业过程。由于物理化学处理技术存在若干问题，因此越来越多地关注使用废弃的生物材料/生物质作为吸附剂以从水性基质中消除重金属。这项研究的主要目的是评估一些低成本的废物生物材料的有效性，例如水果废物，农业和工业废物/副产品，光合植物的废物部分，水生植物和从不同来源收集的用于生物吸附铬的真菌生物质。 （VI）来自水性基质。在经过测试的生物材料中，发现Limonia acidissima ）是一种高效的六价铬（Cr）吸附生物吸附剂。在大多数生物质中，观察到Cr（VI）的生物吸附发生在酸性pH下，最适pH为2.0至5.0。WAS生物质的负载量（29.37 mg / g）高于常规吸附活性炭（26.56 mg / g），后者用作对照。Cr（VI）处理的生物质（WAS）使用仪器技术进行表征，例如扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能量分散X射线（EDX）证实了Cr（VI）的吸附。进行了Boehm滴定和FTIR研究，以确定负责WAS生物质吸附Cr（VI）的官能团的存在。WAS生物质从中去除了Cr（VI）效率> 99.9％的工业废水，因此符合法定限制。考虑到经济方面，可以将所选生物质视为消除废水中有毒污染物的潜在候选者。