Abstract

The objective of the survey was to assess the production performance of meat and its quality in the Karachai ram lambs reared under the different management technologies and altitudinal zonation systems in the Northern Caucasus Mountain Regions. The ram lambs of group one were kept on the mountain grazing lands at the elevation of 2200 m above sea level for the whole period of the survey. The ram lambs of group two were kept in the foothills at the elevation of 540 m above sea level. The ram lambs of group three, aged 4–8 months, were managed on grasslands at the elevation of 1200 m above sea level; reaching 9 months of age, they were moved toward low-elevation pasture fields in the foothills. The ram lambs of group four before weaning at 4 months of age were kept in the foothills at the elevation of 540 m above sea level; at the age of 4–8 months, they were moved toward high-mountain grasslands at the elevation of 2200 m above sea level; reaching 9 months of age, they were moved toward pastures in the foothills. The ram lambs reared under a vertical transhumance grazing system showed the maximum preslaughter liveweight compared to that in their peers kept under management promoting year-round grazing and foothill farming, which comprised 3.1–3.8 (P > 0.95–0.99) and 1.5–2.2 (P > 0.95), respectively. The carcass weight of the specimens grown under year-round grazing management made up 18.4 kg each, which was 0.8–2.7 kg lower on average than the values for the other ram-lamb groups (P > 0.95). The slaughter yield of the ram lambs of a vertical transhumance grazing system (group four) was 2.2% higher (P > 0.95) than that in their peers grazing year-round. The greater chop weight of grade one was typical for the youngstock of a vertical transhumance grazing system, which comprised 17.3–18.3 vs. 15.3–16.0 kg in their peers of year-round grazing management and foothill farming (P > 0.95–0.99). The lamb meat produced by the youngstock of grazing management was characterized by 5–28 mg/100 g (P > 0.95–0.99) and 0.19–0.89 (P > 0.95) increases in tryptophan levels and protein-quality values, respectively.

中文翻译：

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北部高加索山区垂直分区对卡拉恰伊公羊羔肉生产性能的影响

摘要

调查的目的是评估北高加索山脉地区在不同管理技术和垂直分区制度下饲养的卡拉恰伊羊羔肉的生产性能及其质量。在整个调查期间，将第一组的公羊羔饲养在海拔2200 m的高山放牧地上。第二组的公羊羔饲养在海拔540 m的山麓丘陵地带。在海拔1200 m的草地上管理了年龄为4-8个月的第三组公羊羔。到了9个月大时，他们搬到了山麓丘陵的低海拔牧场。在4个月大的仔猪断奶之前，第4组的公羊羔被饲养在海拔540 m的山麓丘陵。在4-8个月大时，他们被移到海拔2200 m的高山草地上；到了9个月大时，他们被转移到山麓牧场。在垂直放牧方式下饲养的公羊羔羊的屠宰前活体重最大，而在其管理下促进全年放牧和丘陵耕作的同龄羔羊活体重最大，为3.1–3.8（P > 0.95-0.99）和1.5-2.2（P > 0.95）。在全年放牧管理下生长的标本的each体重量各为18.4 kg，平均比其他公羊羔组低0.8-2.7 kg（P > 0.95）。垂直超牲畜放牧系统（第四组）的公羊羔的屠宰率比全年放牧的同龄人高2.2％（P > 0.95）。垂直超牲畜放牧系统的幼鱼通常具有一年级更大的排骨重量，在全年放牧管理和山麓耕作的同龄人中，这一重量为17.3-18.3公斤，而同龄人为15.3-16.0公斤（P> 0.95–0.99）。通过放牧管理的幼畜生产的羔羊肉的色氨酸水平和蛋白质质量值分别提高了5-28 mg / 100 g（P > 0.95-0.99）和0.19-0.89（P > 0.95）。