Abstract

Development of reliable fertility-restoring lines is the most important prerequisite for using cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plant breeding. Sorghum 9E type CMS is characterized by unstable expression of fertility-restoring genes, which require high levels of water availability for plants during microsporogenesis and flowering. In order to create reliable male-fertility-restoring lines for 9E type CMS, the progeny of test crosses of fertile revertant lines in 9E cytoplasm, which were obtained as a result of reversions in sterile F₁ hybrids induced by conditions of high water availability, with CMS lines in this cytoplasm were grown in selective backgrounds: in the dry plots and in the plots with additional watering as well as in the field under natural moisture supply. In the majority of hybrid combinations, fertile plants were observed only when additionally watered during the flowering period. F₁ hybrids with different CMS lines with 9E cytoplasm significantly differed in terms of the degree of restored fertility and the response to water availability conditions. Fertile plants predominated in the F₂ families; in different hybrid combinations, the ratio of restored and sterile plants corresponded to 3 : 1 or 13 : 3 segregation. After selection in the drought conditions of the fertile plants from the offspring of hybrids from the cross of the CMS line 9E Pishchevoe 614 and male-fertile revertants, two lines were obtained that were able to restore fertility of F₁ hybrids in field conditions.

中文翻译：

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利用环境诱导型育性恢复剂开发高粱9E型CMS育性恢复系

摘要

开发可靠的育性恢复系是在植物育种中使用细胞质雄性不育（CMS）的最重要前提。高粱9E型CMS的特征是恢复生育力的基因表达不稳定，在小孢子发生和开花过程中，植物需要大量的水。为了为9E型CMS创建可靠的雄性育性恢复系，通过无菌F ₁的回复获得了9E细胞质中可育回复系的测试杂交后代高水分利用条件诱导的杂交种，在该细胞质中具有CMS系，生长在选择性的背景下：在干燥的田地和有额外浇水的田地中，以及在自然水分供应下的田地中。在大多数杂交组合中，只有在开花期额外浇水才能观察到可育植物。F ₁杂种与具有9E细胞质的不同CMS品系在恢复的受精程度和对水利用条件的响应方面存在显着差异。F _2中占主导地位的肥沃植物家庭; 在不同的杂交组合中，恢复的植物和无菌植物的比例对应于3：1或13：3的分离。在从CMS系9E Pishchevoe 614的杂交后代的杂交后代中选择可育植物的干旱条件后，再选择雄性可育回复系，获得了能够在田间条件下恢复F ₁杂种的育性的两个系。