Abstract

Changes in the umbra brightness and in the magnetic field over time should occur on long-period sunspot oscillations in accordance with Birman’s idea of inhibition of circulation (overturning) convection by a strong vertical magnetic field in antiphase mode.When the sunspot as a whole shifts upward, its power flux tube expands with a fixed magnetic flux, the magnetic field decreases, and the umbra brightness should increase. Vice versa, when the magnetic flux tube of the sunspot is lowered, it is compressed, the field grows, and the umbra brightness should decrease. Until now, this oscillatory process, which is described by the theoretical model of a shallow sunspot, has remained unexplored. This paper attempts to prove the Birman effect (Biermann, 1941) on the example of long-period oscillations of the sunspot 2010/12/07-13 (NOAA 11 133), for which there are available data from both the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).

中文翻译：

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长周期黑子振荡中黑子磁场变化与本影亮度的反相关

摘要

根据Birman在反相模式下通过强垂直磁场抑制循环（翻转）对流的思想，应在长周期黑子振荡时发生本影亮度和磁场随时间的变化。向上，其功率通量管以固定的磁通量膨胀，磁场减小，本影亮度应增加。反之亦然，当降低黑子的磁通量管时，它受到压缩，磁场增大，并且本影亮度应降低。直到现在，这种由浅黑子的理论模型描述的振荡过程仍未得到探索。本文试图以2010年12月7日至13日黑子的长周期振荡（NOAA 11 133）为例证明Birman效应（Biermann，1941），