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Soil Nutrient Depletion and Tree Functional Composition Shift Following Repeated Clearing in Secondary Forests of the Congo Basin
Ecosystems ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s10021-020-00593-6
Marijn Bauters , Pieter Moonen , Laura Summerauer , Sebastian Doetterl , Daniel Wasner , Marco Griepentrog , Francis M. Mumbanza , Elizabeth Kearsley , Corneille Ewango , Faustin Boyemba , Johan Six , Bart Muys , Bruno Verbist , Pascal Boeckx , Kris Verheyen

The Congo Basin's rapidly growing population still largely depends on shifting cultivation for both energy and food security. This nexus of population growth and ecological impact will continue to exacerbate landscape degradation in the coming decades. To quantify the effects of land-use intensity on soil nutrient stocks and the functional composition of young regrowth forest in the Congo Basin, we used fallows of different ages that had been subjected to a varying number of clearing cycles. We show that repeated clearing substantially affected soil cation stocks, reducing total K, Mg and Ca in the upper 20 cm of soil by roughly 20% per clearing cycle. Additionally, we show that plant-available nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate) and phosphorus decline in the topsoil with increasing land-use intensity. Furthermore, the tree functional composition of young fallows changed after repeated clearing cycles: we observed a decrease in abundance of pioneer species and an increase in nitrogen fixing species early in succession. Variation in soil total nutrient stocks was decoupled from changes in vegetation, and soil plant-available nutrients only marginally explained tree functional composition changes. We conclude that land-use intensity substantially affects both soil total and plant-available nutrients in a shifting cultivation system, as well as the functional composition of the regenerating vegetation. However, compositional changes of the tree community are only partly driven by land-use intensity effects on soil plant-available nutrients.



中文翻译:

刚果盆地次生林区反复砍伐后土壤养分耗竭和树木功能成分转移

刚果盆地快速增长的人口在很大程度上仍然依赖于能源和粮食安全的轮换种植。人口增长与生态影响之间的联系将在未来几十年继续加剧景观退化。为了量化土地利用强度对刚果盆地土壤养分储量和年轻再生森林功能成分的影响,我们使用了不同年龄的休耕期,这些休耕期经历了不同的清理周期。我们表明,重复清除对土壤阳离子存量有很大影响,每个清除周期将土壤上部20 cm的总K,Mg和Ca减少约20%。此外,我们表明,随着土地利用强度的增加,表层土壤中可利用的氮(铵和硝酸盐)和磷减少。此外,幼小休耕树的功能组成在重复的清除周期后发生了变化:我们观察到先驱物种的丰度下降,而固氮物种的序列先后增加。土壤总养分储量的变化与植被变化脱钩,土壤中可利用的养分仅能少量解释树木功能成分的变化。我们得出的结论是,土地利用强度在转移的耕作系统中会严重影响土壤总量和植物可用养分,以及再生植被的功能组成。但是,树木群落的组成变化仅部分受到土地利用强度对土壤植物有效养分的影响。我们观察到先驱物种的丰度降低,而固氮物种的数量则先后增加。土壤总养分储量的变化与植被变化脱钩,土壤中可利用的养分仅能少量解释树木功能成分的变化。我们得出的结论是,土地利用强度在转移的耕作系统中会严重影响土壤总量和植物可用养分,以及再生植被的功能组成。但是,树木群落的组成变化仅部分受到土地利用强度对土壤植物有效养分的影响。我们观察到先驱物种的丰度降低,而固氮物种的数量则先后增加。土壤总养分储量的变化与植被变化脱钩,土壤中可利用的养分仅能少量解释树木功能成分的变化。我们得出的结论是,土地利用强度在转移的耕作系统中会严重影响土壤总量和植物可用养分,以及再生植被的功能组成。但是,树木群落的组成变化仅部分受到土地利用强度对土壤植物有效养分的影响。和土壤中植物可利用的养分只能勉强解释树木功能组成的变化。我们得出的结论是,土地利用强度在转移的耕作系统中会严重影响土壤总量和植物可用养分,以及再生植被的功能组成。但是,树木群落的组成变化仅部分受到土地利用强度对土壤植物有效养分的影响。和土壤中植物可利用的养分只能勉强解释树木功能组成的变化。我们得出的结论是,土地利用强度在转移的耕作系统中会严重影响土壤总量和植物可用养分,以及再生植被的功能组成。但是,树木群落的组成变化仅部分受到土地利用强度对土壤植物有效养分的影响。

更新日期:2021-01-28
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