Flightless, phoretic insects of the tribe Meloini include several widespread species able to inhabit both mainland and oceanic and continental islands. Relationships between phoretic and non‐phoretic species of Meloini are unclear, precluding broad evolutionary and biogeographic analyses within the group. We provide a robust molecular phylogenetic framework for Meloini, with finer sampling in the Western Palaearctic, by analysing two nuclear (Wg, 18S) and two mtDNA (cox1, 16S) gene fragments of 24 species representing eight subgenera of Meloe and Physomeloe. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed that Meloe, as currently recognized, is paraphyletic. Our phylogenetic hypothesis clarifies several controversial relationships within the group. We provide a new taxonomic framework that better reflects the evolutionary relationships of the group by raising to genus all previously considered subgenera: Afromeloe Schmidt, 1913, Alveomeloe Pripisnova, 1987, Chiromeloe Reitter, 1911, Desertimeloe Kaszab, 1964, Eurymeloe Reitter, 1911, Lampromeloe Reitter, 1911, Lasiomeloe Reitter, 1911, Listromeloe Reitter, 1911, Meloegonius Reitter, 1911, Mesomeloe Reitter, 1911, Meloenellus Reitter, 1911, Micromeloe Reitter, 1911, Taphromeloe Reitter, 1911 and Treiodous Dugès, 1869; while Anchomeloe Iablokoff‐Khnzorian, 1983, is recovered as subgenus of Meloe. In addition, we conducted an extensive intraspecific sampling for four phoretic taxa (Meloe proscarabaeus, Meloe autumnalis, Eurymeloe mediterraneus and Eurymeloe tuccia) and used mtDNA phylogeographic analyses to unveil patterns of overseas dispersal. Our phylogeographic analyses revealed a high level of geographically unstructured haplotype diversity within taxa, suggesting that transmarine dispersal events have occurred multiple times along the evolutionary history of phoretic species of blister beetles. Larval phoresy may explain the existence of idiosyncratic biogeographic and phylogeographic patterns in these flightless organisms.

中文翻译：

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Meloini水泡甲虫（鞘翅目，Meloidae）的系统发育和西部古北纪的岛屿定居模式

Meloini部落的不会飞动的隐喻昆虫包括能够在大陆，海洋和大陆岛屿上栖息的几种广泛的物种。Meloini的语音和非语音物种之间的关系尚不清楚，因此无法对该群体进行广泛的进化和生物地理分析。我们提供Meloini强大的分子系统发育的框架，以更精细的西方古北界取样，通过分析两个拥有核武器（的Wg，18S）和两个线粒体DNA（COX1 24种，16S）基因片段表现出8个亚属的Meloe和Physomeloe。我们的系统发育分析表明，Meloe目前公认的是寄生性的。我们的系统发育假说阐明了小组内部的一些有争议的关系。我们提供了一个新的分类学框架，将所有先前考虑​​的亚属归为属，从而更好地反映了该群体的进化关系：Afromeloe Schmidt，1913年；Alveomeloe Pripisnova，1987年；Chiromeloe Reitter，1911年；Desdeimeloe Kaszab，1964年；Eurymeloe Reitter，1911年，Lampromeloe Reitter，1911，Lasiomeloe Reitter，1911，Listromeloe Reitter，1911，Meloegonius Reitter，1911，Mesomeloe Reitter，1911，MeloenellusReitter，1911年，Micromeloe Reitter，1911年，Taphromeloe Reitter，1911和Treiodous Dugès，1869; 而Anchomeloe Iablokoff-Khnzorian，1983年，恢复为的亚属Meloe。此外，我们对四种隐喻类群（Meloe proscarabaeus，Meloe autumnalis，Eurymeloe mediterraneus和Eurymeloe tuccia）进行了广泛的种内取样。），并使用mtDNA谱系分析揭示了海外扩散的模式。我们的系统地理分析表明，在类群内高水平的地理非结构性单倍型多样性，表明跨海平面扩散事件沿着水疱甲虫的species变物种的进化历史已经发生过多次。幼虫电泳可能解释了这些不能飞行的生物中特异生物地理和系统地理模式的存在。