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Functional traits are key to understanding orchid diversity on islands
Ecography ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-27 , DOI: 10.1111/ecog.05410
Amanda Taylor 1 , Gunnar Keppel 1, 2 , Patrick Weigelt 1 , Gerhard Zotz 3 , Holger Kreft 1, 4
Affiliation  

The extraordinary diversity of orchids has captivated scientists for more than a century, yet their complex spatial patterns at large scales remain poorly resolved. On islands, orchid diversity patterns are especially puzzling. While some islands are centres of orchid diversity, orchids are underrepresented on most islands. To disentangle such complex patterns, key functional differences among orchids must be considered – a distinction seldom made in biogeographical analyses. Using a global dataset of 454 islands, we tested prominent hypotheses in island biogeography, while simultaneously making the distinction between epiphytes and two terrestrial life forms (geophytes and non‐geophytes). Orchid diversity was unevenly distributed across islands and life forms. Epiphytic orchid diversity strongly increased with temperature, illustrating the near confinement of epiphytes to the tropics. Geophytes became proportionally more important with increasing seasonality, highlighting their ability to withstand harsh climatic conditions. Epiphytes and non‐geophytes both displayed responses (e.g. negative relationship with seasonality) related to their dependence on consistently favourable conditions, possibly because of the absence of subterranean storage organs. This highlights that the factors explaining orchid diversity differ strongly with, and are related to, life form. We suggest that key functional differences within and across plant families be considered in future studies to better understand drivers of complex diversity patterns.

中文翻译:

功能性状是了解岛上兰花多样性的关键

兰花的非同寻常的多样性吸引了一个多世纪的科学家,但是它们复杂的大规模空间格局仍然难以解决。在岛屿上,兰花的多样性格局尤其令人困惑。尽管有些岛屿是兰花多样性的中心,但大多数岛屿上兰花的代表性不足。要弄清这种复杂的图案,必须考虑兰花之间的关键功能差异-在生物地理分析中很少有区别。我们使用全球454个岛屿的数据集,对岛屿生物地理学中的重要假设进行了检验,同时区分了附生植物和两种陆地生命形式(真核生物和非真核生物)。兰花的多样性在各个岛屿和生命形式中分布不均。附生兰花的多样性随着温度的增加而强烈增加,说明附生植物几乎局限于热带地区。随着季节的增加,地球上的植物越来越成比例地变得越来越重要,突显了它们承受恶劣气候条件的能力。附生植物和非生水生物都表现出与它们对持续有利条件的依赖有关的响应(例如,与季节的负相关),这可能是由于缺乏地下储藏器官的缘故。这突出表明,解释兰花多样性的因素与生命形式存在很大差异,并与之相关。我们建议在未来的研究中考虑植物家族内部和植物家族之间的关键功能差异,以更好地理解复杂多样性模式的驱动因素。突出其承受恶劣气候条件的能力。附生植物和非生水生物都表现出与它们对持续有利条件的依赖有关的响应(例如,与季节的负相关),这可能是由于缺乏地下储藏器官的缘故。这突出表明,解释兰花多样性的因素与生命形式存在很大差异,并与之相关。我们建议在以后的研究中考虑植物家族内部和植物家族之间的关键功能差异,以更好地理解复杂多样性模式的驱动因素。突出其承受恶劣气候条件的能力。附生植物和非生水生物都表现出与它们对持续有利条件的依赖有关的响应(例如,与季节的负相关),这可能是由于缺乏地下储藏器官的缘故。这突出表明,解释兰花多样性的因素与生命形式存在很大差异,并与之相关。我们建议在以后的研究中考虑植物家族内部和植物家族之间的关键功能差异,以更好地理解复杂多样性模式的驱动因素。这突出表明,解释兰花多样性的因素与生命形式存在很大差异,并与之相关。我们建议在以后的研究中考虑植物家族内部和植物家族之间的关键功能差异,以更好地理解复杂多样性模式的驱动因素。这突出表明,解释兰花多样性的因素与生命形式存在很大差异,并与之相关。我们建议在以后的研究中考虑植物家族内部和植物家族之间的关键功能差异,以更好地理解复杂多样性模式的驱动因素。
更新日期:2021-01-27
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