The persistence of HIV in the spleen, despite combination antiretroviral therapy, is not well understood. Sustained immune dysregulation and delayed immune recovery, in addition to immune cell exhaustion, may contribute to persistence of infection in the spleen. Eliminating HIV from this secondary lymphoid organ will require a thorough understanding of antiretroviral (ARV) pharmacology in the spleen, which has been minimally investigated. Low ARV exposure within the spleen may hinder the achievement of a functional or sterilizing cure if cells are not protected from HIV infection. In this study, we provide an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the spleen, review the evidence of the spleen as a site for persistence of HIV, discuss the consequences of persistence of HIV in the spleen, address challenges to eradicating HIV in the spleen, and examine opportunities for future curative efforts.

中文翻译：

---

人类免疫缺陷病毒在脾脏中的持续存在：药物干预的机会

尽管联合抗逆转录病毒治疗，但 HIV 在脾脏中的持续存在尚不清楚。除了免疫细胞耗竭之外，持续的免疫失调和延迟的免疫恢复可能会导致脾脏感染的持续存在。从这种次级淋巴器官中消除 HIV 需要对脾脏中的抗逆转录病毒 (ARV) 药理学有透彻的了解，对此进行了最低限度的研究。如果细胞不受 HIV 感染的保护，脾脏内的低 ARV 暴露可能会阻碍功能性或灭菌性治愈的实现。在这项研究中，我们概述了脾脏的解剖学和生理学，回顾了脾脏作为 HIV 持续存在部位的证据，讨论了 HIV 在脾脏中持续存在的后果，解决了在脾脏中根除 HIV 的挑战,