Adaptive behavior critically depends on performance monitoring (PM), the ability to monitor action outcomes and the need to adapt behavior. PM-related brain activity has been linked to guiding decisions about whether action adaptation is warranted. The present study examined whether PM-related brain activity in a flanker task, as measured by electroencephalography (EEG), was associated with adaptive behavior in daily life. Specifically, we were interested in the employment of self-control, operationalized as self-control failures (SCFs), and measured using ecological momentary assessment. Analyses were conducted using an adaptive elastic net regression to predict SCFs from EEG in a sample of 131 participants. The model was fit using within-subject averaged response-locked EEG activity at each electrode and time point within an epoch surrounding the response. We found that higher amplitudes of the error-related negativity (ERN) were related to fewer SCFs. This suggests that lower error-related activity may relate to lower recruitment of interventive self-control in daily life. Altered cognitive control processes, like PM, have been proposed as underlying mechanisms for various mental disorders. Understanding how alterations in PM relate to regulatory control might therefore aid in delineating how these alterations contribute to different psychopathologies.

中文翻译：

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与错误相关的负性预测日常生活中的自我控制失败

适应性行为严重依赖于绩效监测 (PM)、监测行动结果的能力以及适应行为的需要。PM 相关的大脑活动与指导决定是否需要采取行动适应有关。本研究检查了侧翼任务中 PM 相关的大脑活动（通过脑电图 (EEG) 测量）是否与日常生活中的适应性行为相关。具体来说，我们对自我控制的使用感兴趣，将其作为自我控制失败 (SCF) 进行操作，并使用生态瞬时评估进行测量。使用自适应弹性网络回归进行分析，以预测 131 名参与者样本中 EEG 的 SCF。该模型使用受试者内平均响应锁定 EEG 活动在每个电极和围绕响应的时期内的时间点进行拟合。我们发现与误差相关的负性 (ERN) 幅度越大，SCF 越少。这表明较低的错误相关活动可能与日常生活中干预性自我控制的招募较少有关。改变的认知控制过程，如 PM，已被提出作为各种精神障碍的潜在机制。因此，了解 PM 的变化如何与监管控制相关可能有助于描述这些变化如何导致不同的精神病理学。这表明较低的错误相关活动可能与日常生活中干预性自我控制的招募较少有关。改变的认知控制过程，如 PM，已被提出作为各种精神障碍的潜在机制。因此，了解 PM 的变化如何与监管控制相关可能有助于描述这些变化如何导致不同的精神病理学。这表明较低的错误相关活动可能与日常生活中干预性自我控制的招募较少有关。改变的认知控制过程，如 PM，已被提出作为各种精神障碍的潜在机制。因此，了解 PM 的变化如何与监管控制相关可能有助于描述这些变化如何导致不同的精神病理学。