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Synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I) complexes
Nature Protocols ( IF 13.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-27 , DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00461-6
Fady Nahra 1, 2 , Nikolaos V Tzouras 2 , Alba Collado 3 , Steven P Nolan 2
Affiliation  

N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I) chloride and hydroxide complexes are regularly used as synthons to access various oxygen-, nitrogen- or carbon-bound gold complexes. They are also widely employed as efficient catalysts in addition reactions of hydroelements to unsaturated bonds and in several rearrangement and decarboxylation protocols. Here we describe the multigram synthesis of the most common mononuclear N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I) chloride complexes bearing the N,N′-bis-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IMes), N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IPr) and N,N′-bis(2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-methylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IPr*) ligands. Their synthesis is achieved through the straightforward and practical weak base approach in a total time of 4–5 h. This straightforward methodology is conducted under air and possesses considerable advantages over alternative routes, such as the use of a sustainable reaction solvent, minimal amounts of a mild base and commercially available or easily obtained starting materials. Additionally, we describe the synthesis of the mononuclear gold(I) hydroxide complex bearing the IPr ligand, using the state-of-the-art method requiring 24 h. Finally, the improved synthesis of the dinuclear gold(I) hydroxide complex [{Au(IPr)}2(μ-OH)][BF4] is described (~3 h). All procedures can be performed by researchers with standard training and lead to high yields (76–99%) of microanalytically pure bench-stable materials.



中文翻译:

N-杂环卡宾金(I)配合物的合成

N-杂环卡宾金 (I) 氯化物和氢氧化物配合物通常用作合成子,以获取各种氧、氮或碳结合的金配合物。它们还广泛用作水元素与不饱和键的加成反应以及几种重排和脱羧方案中的有效催化剂。在这里,我们描述了最常见的单核 N-杂环卡宾金 (I) 氯化物配合物的多克合成,该配合物带有N,N '-双-(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)咪唑-2-亚基 (IMes),N, N'-双(2,6-二异丙基苯基)咪唑-2-亚基(IPr)和N,N'-双(2,6-双(二苯基甲基)-4-甲基苯基)咪唑-2-亚基 (IPr*) 配体。它们的合成是通过简单实用的弱碱方法在 4-5 小时的总时间内完成的。这种直接的方法是在空气中进行的,与替代路线相比具有相当大的优势,例如使用可持续的反应溶剂、最少量的弱碱和市售或容易获得的起始材料。此外,我们使用需要 24 小时的最先进方法描述了带有 IPr 配体的单核金 (I) 氢氧化物复合物的合成。最后,改进合成双核金 (I) 氢氧化物络合物 [{Au(IPr)} 2 (μ-OH)][BF 4] 被描述(~3 小时)。所有程序都可以由接受过标准培训的研究人员执行,并导致高产率 (76–99%) 的微量分析纯实验室稳定材料。

更新日期:2021-01-27
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