Droplet deposition of lead alloy to C45 steel with direct metallurgical bonding was conducted by adopting a gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) pre-melting heat source on the surface of C45 steel substrate. It was found that a nonlinear relationship existed between the heat input of the welding arc and the feature sizes (deposition height and width) of the lead alloy deposited layers. The chemical composition, phase and microscopic analyses were carried out. The results showed that no evidence of cracks and micro voids was found at the bonding interface even at higher magnification. The diffusion reaction of elemental Fe, Sn, and Sb still exists, which ensures the metallurgical connection between lead alloy deposited layers and C45 steel substrate. In the lead alloy deposited layer, microhardness keeps unchanged, but in the C45 steel beneath the bonding interface, the microhardness value increases suddenly to about 650 HV. This can be attributed to the formation of martensite phase and the annealing effect during GTAW assisted droplet deposition manufacturing.

通过在C45钢基体表面采用气体钨极电弧焊（GTAW）预熔化热源，通过直接冶金结合将铅合金滴落到C45钢上。发现在焊接电弧的热输入与铅合金沉积层的特征尺寸（沉积高度和宽度）之间存在非线性关系。进行了化学组成，相和显微分析。结果表明，即使在更高的放大倍数下，在粘合界面上也没有发现裂纹和微空隙的迹象。元素Fe，Sn和Sb的扩散反应仍然存在，这确保了铅合金沉积层与C45钢基底之间的冶金连接。在铅合金沉积层中，显微硬度保持不变，但是在C45钢的粘结界面下方，显微硬度值突然增加到大约650 HV。这可以归因于马氏体相的形成和GTAW辅助的液滴沉积制造过程中的退火效应。