The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken to combat it led to severe constraints for various areas of life, including mobility. To study the effects of this disruptive situation on the mobility behaviour of entire subgroups, and how they shape their mobility in reaction to the special circumstances, can help to better understand, how people react to external changes. Aim of the study presented in this article was to investigate to what extent, how and in what areas mobility behaviour has changed during the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in Germany. In addition, a focus was put on the comparison of federal states with and without lockdown in order to investigate a possible contribution of this measure to changes in mobility. We asked respondents via an online survey about their trip purposes and trip frequency, their choice of transport mode and the reasons for choosing it in the context of the COVID-19 crisis. For the analyses presented in this paper, we used the data of 4157survey participants (2512 without lockdown, 1645 with lockdown). The data confirmed a profound impact on the mobility behaviour with a shift away from public transport and increases in car usage, walking and cycling. Comparisons of federal states with and without lockdown revealed only isolated differences. It seems that, even if the lockdown had some minor effects, its role in the observed behavioural changes was minimal.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2 对德国出行行为的影响


COVID-19 大流行以及为应对这一流行病而采取的措施给生活的各个领域（包括流动性）带来了严重限制。研究这种破坏性情况对整个亚群体流动行为的影响，以及他们如何根据特殊情况调整流动性，有助于更好地了解人们对外部变化的反应。本文提出的研究目的是调查德国 SARS-CoV-2 爆发期间出行行为发生了多大程度、如何以及在哪些领域发生了变化。此外，还重点比较了有和没有封锁的联邦州，以调查这一措施对流动性变化的可能贡献。我们通过在线调查向受访者询问了他们的出行目的和出行频率、他们选择的交通方式以及在 COVID-19 危机背景下选择这种方式的原因。对于本文提出的分析，我们使用了 4157 名调查参与者的数据（2512 名未锁定者，1645 名锁定者）。数据证实，公共交通的转变以及汽车、步行和骑自行车使用的增加对出行行为产生了深远的影响。比较有和没有封锁的联邦州只发现了孤立的差异。看来，即使封锁产生了一些微小的影响，它对观察到的行为变化的作用也是微乎其微的。