Emissions from the internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles are one of the primary cause of air pollution and climate change. In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming a more sensible alternative to these ICE vehicles. With the recent breakthroughs in battery technology and large-scale production, EVs are becoming cheaper. In the near future, mass deployment of EVs will put severe stress on the existing electrical power system (EPS). Optimal scheduling of EVs can reduce the stress on the existing network while accommodating large-scale integration of EVs. The integration of these EVs can provide several economic benefits to different players in the energy market. In this paper, recent works related to the integration of EV with EPS are classified based on their relevance to different players in the electricity market. This classification refers to four players: generation company (GENCO), distribution system operator (DSO), EV aggregator, and end user. Further classification is done based on scheduling or charging strategies used for the grid integration of EVs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of technical challenges in the grid integration of EVs along with their solution based on optimal scheduling and controlled charging strategies.

中文翻译：

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电动汽车的电网整合带来经济利益：回顾

内燃机（ICE）车辆的排放是空气污染和气候变化的主要原因之一。近年来，电动汽车（EV）逐渐成为这些ICE车辆的替代方案。随着电池技术和大规模生产的最新突破，电动汽车变得越来越便宜。在不久的将来，电动汽车的大规模部署将给现有的电力系统（EPS）带来巨大压力。电动汽车的最佳调度可以减少对现有网络的压力，同时适应电动汽车的大规模集成。这些电动汽车的集成可以为能源市场中的不同参与者提供多种经济利益。在本文中，根据与电动汽车市场中不同参与者的相关性，对与电动汽车与EPS集成相关的最新作品进行了分类。此分类涉及四个参与者：发电公司（GENCO），配电系统运营商（DSO），电动汽车聚合器和最终用户。基于用于电动汽车的电网集成的调度或充电策略，可以进行进一步的分类。本文对电动汽车的电网集成中的技术挑战及其基于最佳调度和可控充电策略的解决方案进行了全面回顾。