In this study, a novel approach for dynamic modeling and closed-loop control of hybrid grid-connected renewable energy system with multi-input multi-output (MIMO) controller is proposed. The studied converter includes two parallel DC-DC boost converters, which are connected into the power grid through a single-phase H-bridge inverter. The proposed MIMO controller is developed for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic (PV)/fuel-cell (FC) input power sources and output power control of the grid-connected DC-AC inverter. Considering circuit topology of the system, a unique MIMO model is proposed for the analysis of the entire system. A unique model of the system includes all of the circuit state variables in DC-DC and DC-AC converters. In fact, from the viewpoint of closed-loop controller design, the hybrid grid-connected energy system is an MIMO system. The control inputs of the system are duty cycles of the DC-DC boost converters and the amplitude modulation index of DC-AC inverters. Furthermore, the control outputs are the output power of the PV/FC input power sources as well as AC power injected into the power grid. After the development of the unique model for the entire system, a decoupling network is introduced for system input-output linearization due to inherent connection of the control outputs with all of the system inputs. Considering the decoupled model and small signal linearization, the required linear controllers are designed to adjust the outputs. Finally, to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of the designed controllers, the PV/FC based grid-connected system is simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink toolbox.

中文翻译：

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多输入多输出混合动力并网可再生能源系统的动力学建模和闭环控制

在这项研究中，提出了一种新的方法，用于带有多输入多输出（MIMO）控制器的混合并网可再生能源系统的动态建模和闭环控制。研究的转换器包括两个并联的DC-DC升压转换器，它们通过一个单相H桥逆变器连接到电网。提出的MIMO控制器专为光伏（PV）/燃料电池（FC）输入电源的最大功率点跟踪以及并网DC-AC逆变器的输出功率控制而开发。考虑到系统的电路拓扑，提出了一种独特的MIMO模型来分析整个系统。该系统的独特模型包括DC-DC和DC-AC转换器中的所有电路状态变量。实际上，从闭环控制器设计的角度来看，混合并网能源系统是MIMO系统。系统的控制输入是DC-DC升压转换器的占空比和DC-AC逆变器的幅度调制指数。此外，控制输出是PV / FC输入电源的输出功率以及注入电网的交流功率。在为整个系统开发了独特的模型之后，由于控制输出与所有系统输入的固有连接，引入了去耦网络以实现系统输入-输出线性化。考虑到解耦模型和小信号线性化，需要设计线性控制器来调节输出。最后，为了评估所设计控制器的准确性和有效性，使用MATLAB / Simulink工具箱对基于PV / FC的并网系统进行了仿真。系统的控制输入是DC-DC升压转换器的占空比和DC-AC逆变器的幅度调制指数。此外，控制输出是PV / FC输入电源的输出功率以及注入电网的交流功率。在为整个系统开发了独特的模型之后，由于控制输出与所有系统输入的固有连接，引入了去耦网络以实现系统输入-输出线性化。考虑到解耦模型和小信号线性化，需要设计线性控制器来调节输出。最后，为了评估所设计控制器的准确性和有效性，使用MATLAB / Simulink工具箱对基于PV / FC的并网系统进行了仿真。系统的控制输入是DC-DC升压转换器的占空比和DC-AC逆变器的幅度调制指数。此外，控制输出是PV / FC输入电源的输出功率以及注入电网的交流功率。在为整个系统开发独特的模型之后，由于控制输出与所有系统输入的固有连接，引入了去耦网络以实现系统输入-输出线性化。考虑到解耦模型和小信号线性化，需要设计线性控制器来调节输出。最后，为了评估所设计控制器的准确性和有效性，使用MATLAB / Simulink工具箱对基于PV / FC的并网系统进行了仿真。