Abstract

The Encyclopedia of Sports and Body Culture was published in Israel in 1959. The authors were prominent members of Hapoel, a sports club established by the Histadrut labour federation. The Encyclopedia was not merely a compendium of knowledge and a handbook of ‘dos and don’ts’ in the field of sports, but a secular ‘code of law’—a veritable manual for daily living. This article explores the circumstances surrounding the volume's publication and traces its roots and its contribution to Israeli body culture. The Encyclopedia’s authors aimed to assemble a treasury of information on sports and body culture that would seep into collective consciousness and shape the country's historic narrative in this sphere. Owing to its canonical nature, the Encyclopedia became a political tool in the struggle between Hapoel and Maccabi, which represented rival social sectors - the workers and the middle-class. The Encyclopedia was criticized for its alleged bias in favour the workers' movement and its alleged complicity in promoting the hegemony of Hapoel in Israeli sports by playing down the role of other sports organizations. Despite the criticism, the book was very successful and is used as a basic textbook on Israeli sports and physical culture to this day.

摘要

《体育与身体文化百科全书》于1959年在以色列出版。作者是由海斯塔德鲁特工会成立的体育俱乐部Hapoel的杰出成员。《百科全书》不仅是体育领域的知识纲要和“做与不做”的手册，而且是世俗的“法律法规”，是一本名副其实的日常生活手册。本文探讨了该卷出版周围的情况，并追溯了其起源及其对以色列人体文化的贡献。该百科全书的作者的目的是组装的，将渗入集体意识，并在这一领域塑造国家的历史叙事上的运动和身体文化信息的宝库。由于其规范性质，百科全书成为哈普尔（Hapoel）和马卡比（Maccabi）之间的斗争的政治工具，马卡比代表了对立的社会部门-工人和中产阶级。《百科全书》因指称偏爱工人运动而受到指责，并据称通过淡化其他体育组织的作用来助长哈普尔在以色列体育运动中的霸权。尽管受到批评，但该书还是非常成功的，至今已被用作有关以色列体育和体育文化的基础教科书。