Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that causes lethal fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. Lysine crotonylation is a newly discovered PTM (posttranslational modification) epigenetic type that may play a critical role in regulating gene expression. In this study, we used an antibody-enrichment approach along with LC-MS/MS to carry out a quantitative crotonylome analysis in C. albicans. We found a total of 5,242 crotonylation sites and 1,584 crotonylated proteins among 9,038 proteins in this organism. Of these crotonylated proteins, a few unique crotonylated motifs are noted such as D and E in positions +1, +2, or +3 or K and R in positions +5 or +6, while A, E, F, G, P, W, and Y are in the −1 position or A, K, and R are found in positions −5, −6, −7, or −8. Functional analysis has shown that a majority of the crotonylated proteins are related to biosynthetic events and carbon metabolism. When combined with previously collected data on acetylation and succinylation, PPI (protein-protein interaction network) analysis reveals that proteins with functions in ribosomal biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, nucleus activity, and proteasome formation are heavily modified by these three PTM types. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first crotonylome study carried out in C. albicans and is an important step to a better understanding of the biological and pathogenic impact of PTM in C. albicans.

中文翻译：

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系统的分析赖氨酸巴豆基因组和多翻译后修饰分析（乙酰化，琥珀酰化和巴豆酰化）在白色念珠菌中。

白色念珠菌是机会病原体，可在免疫受损的患者中引起致命的真菌感染。赖氨酸巴豆酰化是一种新发现的PTM（翻译后修饰）表观遗传类型，可能在调节基因表达中起关键作用。在这项研究中，我们使用了抗体富集方法以及LC-MS / MS在白色念珠菌中进行定量巴豆基隆分析。。我们在该生物中的9,038个蛋白质中发现了5,242个巴豆酰化位点和1,584个巴豆酰化蛋白。在这些巴豆酰化蛋白中，注意到了一些独特的巴豆酰化基序，例如+ 1，+ 2或+3处的D和E或+5或+6处的K和R，而A，E，F，G，P ，W和Y在-1位置，或者A，K和R在-5，-6，-7或-8位置。功能分析表明，大多数巴豆酰化蛋白与生物合成事件和碳代谢有关。当与先前收集的有关乙酰化和琥珀酰化的数据结合时，PPI（蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络）分析表明，具有核糖体生物发生，氧化磷酸化，细胞核活性和蛋白酶体形成功能的蛋白质被这三种PTM类型严重修饰。据我们所知，白色念珠菌，是更好地了解PTM对白色念珠菌的生物学和致病影响的重要步骤。