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Laboratory earthquake forecasting: A machine learning competition [Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011362118
Paul A. Johnson 1 , Bertrand Rouet-Leduc 1 , Laura J. Pyrak-Nolte 2, 3, 4 , Gregory C. Beroza 5 , Chris J. Marone 6, 7 , Claudia Hulbert 8 , Addison Howard 9 , Philipp Singer 10 , Dmitry Gordeev 10 , Dimosthenis Karaflos 11 , Corey J. Levinson 12 , Pascal Pfeiffer 13 , Kin Ming Puk 14 , Walter Reade 9
Affiliation  

Earthquake prediction, the long-sought holy grail of earthquake science, continues to confound Earth scientists. Could we make advances by crowdsourcing, drawing from the vast knowledge and creativity of the machine learning (ML) community? We used Google’s ML competition platform, Kaggle, to engage the worldwide ML community with a competition to develop and improve data analysis approaches on a forecasting problem that uses laboratory earthquake data. The competitors were tasked with predicting the time remaining before the next earthquake of successive laboratory quake events, based on only a small portion of the laboratory seismic data. The more than 4,500 participating teams created and shared more than 400 computer programs in openly accessible notebooks. Complementing the now well-known features of seismic data that map to fault criticality in the laboratory, the winning teams employed unexpected strategies based on rescaling failure times as a fraction of the seismic cycle and comparing input distribution of training and testing data. In addition to yielding scientific insights into fault processes in the laboratory and their relation with the evolution of the statistical properties of the associated seismic data, the competition serves as a pedagogical tool for teaching ML in geophysics. The approach may provide a model for other competitions in geosciences or other domains of study to help engage the ML community on problems of significance.



中文翻译:

实验室地震预报:机器学习竞赛[地球,大气和行星科学]

地震预测是地震科学中长期以来寻求的圣杯,继续困扰着地球科学家。我们是否可以利用机器学习(ML)社区的丰富知识和创造力,通过众包来取得进步?我们使用Google的ML竞争平台Kaggle与全球ML社区进行竞争,以开发和改进使用实验室地震数据的预测问题的数据分析方法。竞争对手的任务是仅根据实验室地震数据的一小部分,预测下一次地震后连续的实验室地震发生前的剩余时间。超过4,500个参与团队在可公开访问的笔记本电脑中创建和共享了400多个计算机程序。胜任的团队补充了映射到实验室中故障临界点的地震数据的当前众所周知的功能,获胜的团队采用了基于重定故障时间(作为地震周期的一小部分)并比较训练和测试数据的输入分布的意外策略。除了对实验室中的断层过程及其与相关地震数据的统计特性的演变之间的关系提供科学见解之外,该竞赛还作为地球物理ML教学的教学工具。该方法可以为地球科学或其他研究领域的其他竞赛提供模型,以帮助ML社区解决重要问题。获胜的团队采用了意想不到的策略,这些方法基于重定故障时间作为地震周期的一部分,并比较训练和测试数据的输入分布。除了对实验室中的断层过程及其与相关地震数据的统计特性的演变之间的关系提供科学见解之外,该竞赛还作为地球物理ML教学的教学工具。该方法可以为地球科学或其他研究领域的其他竞赛提供模型,以帮助ML社区解决重要问题。获胜的团队采用了意想不到的策略,这些方法基于重定故障时间作为地震周期的一部分,并比较训练和测试数据的输入分布。除了对实验室中的断层过程及其与相关地震数据的统计特性的演变之间的关系提供科学见解之外,该竞赛还作为地球物理ML教学的教学工具。该方法可以为地球科学或其他研究领域的其他竞赛提供模型,以帮助ML社区解决重要问题。比赛是地球物理ML教学的教学工具。该方法可以为地球科学或其他研究领域的其他竞赛提供模型,以帮助ML社区解决重要问题。比赛是地球物理ML教学的教学工具。该方法可以为地球科学或其他研究领域的其他竞赛提供模型,以帮助ML社区解决重要问题。

更新日期:2021-01-26
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