Livestock blood discarded during slaughtering has potentially valuable components such as plasma proteins and haemoglobin. Plasma is used as a feed additive following processing via different methods, including spray drying, whereas blood cells have been underutilized. In this study, we developed haemoglobin hydrolysate (HH) and iron-enriched residue (IER) from porcine blood cells and investigated whether their oral administration regulates the immune system and gut microbiota in growing rats. Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley male rats (n = 7) were used during a 4-week trial and were fed a control, HH or IER diet. The ratio of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Akkermansia strains increased in rats fed HH or IER diets. Moreover, compared with the control group, the IER group had an elevated ratio of Lactobacillus to Enterobacteria, which is regarded as an index of beneficial aspect in the gut. Phagocytosis of peripheral blood leucocytes was higher in the HH and IER groups than in the control group. The level of plasma immunoglobulin G increased to approximately 72.7 mg/ml and 152.0 mg/ml in the HH and IER groups, respectively, which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that in the control group. These results confirm that HH and IER developed in this study may be a potential additive for animal feeds.

中文翻译：

---

利用猪血细胞开发家畜饲料添加剂

屠宰过程中丢弃的牲畜血液含有潜在的有价值的成分，如血浆蛋白和血红蛋白。在通过不同方法（包括喷雾干燥）进行加工后，血浆被用作饲料添加剂，而血细胞未被充分利用。在这项研究中，我们从猪血细胞中开发了血红蛋白水解物 (HH) 和富含铁的残留物 (IER)，并研究了它们的口服给药是否能调节生长大鼠的免疫系统和肠道微生物群。 在为期 4 周的试验中使用了21 只 Sprague-Dawley 雄性大鼠 ( n = 7)，并喂食对照、HH 或 IER 饮食。乳酸杆菌、阿克曼氏菌等有益菌的比例在喂食 HH 或 IER 饮食的大鼠中，菌株增加。此外，与对照组相比，IER 组的乳杆菌与肠杆菌的比率升高，这被认为是肠道有益方面的指标。HH和IER组外周血白细胞的吞噬作用高于对照组。HH组和IER组血浆免疫球蛋白G水平分别增加至约72.7 mg/ml和152.0 mg/ml，明显高于对照组（p  < 0.05）。这些结果证实，本研究中开发的 HH 和 IER 可能是动物饲料的潜在添加剂。