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The experimental manipulation of atmospheric drought: Teasing out the role of microclimate in biodiversity experiments
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13595 B.A. Aguirre 1, 2 , B. Hsieh 1 , S.J. Watson 1 , A.J. Wright 1
中文翻译：
大气干旱的实验控制：揭示小气候在生物多样性实验中的作用
更新日期：2021-01-25
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13595 B.A. Aguirre 1, 2 , B. Hsieh 1 , S.J. Watson 1 , A.J. Wright 1
Affiliation
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- Drought occurrence is increasing due to anthropogenic climate change. Drought can negatively affect plants via reduced water below‐ground and increased evaporative demand or vapour pressure deficit (VPD) above‐ground. Past work has shown that plant diversity can ameliorate the negative effects of drought in plant communities, but these results are inconsistent between experimental and natural drought studies. Furthermore, while studies on the negative effects of reduced soil moisture on plant growth in drought experiments are abundant, the effects of predicted increases in atmospheric VPD have been neglected.
- We directly manipulated atmospheric relative humidity in a biodiversity and drought experiment at the California State University, Los Angeles (CA, USA) under three atmospheric conditions (ambient, dehumidified and humidified), two treatments of native perennial grass diversity (monoculture and eight species polyculture) and two soil drought treatments (control and drought). We assessed both polyculture plant community and individual species (Poa secunda) responses to atmospheric drought and soil drought.
- We found that soil drought only limits above‐ground biomass production when atmospheric conditions are also dry. We also found that P. secunda was limited by increased competition in polyculture when ambient atmospheric conditions were humid but was facilitated by diversity when atmospheric conditions were dry.
- Synthesis. Higher diversity ecosystems may be capable of protecting individual species from the negative effects of drought (facilitation). Without careful experimental manipulation of atmospheric drought, this important mechanism will be missed.
中文翻译：
大气干旱的实验控制：揭示小气候在生物多样性实验中的作用
- 由于人为气候变化，干旱的发生率正在增加。干旱会通过减少地下水量和增加地面上的蒸发需求或蒸气压亏缺（VPD）来对植物造成不利影响。过去的工作表明，植物多样性可以减轻干旱对植物群落的负面影响，但这些结果在实验性干旱研究和自然干旱研究之间并不一致。此外，尽管在干旱试验中对减少土壤水分对植物生长的负面影响的研究很多，但人们忽略了大气中VPD预测增加的影响。
- 我们在三种大气条件（环境，除湿和加湿），两种常年原生草多样性（单一栽培和八种混养）的处理下，在加利福尼亚州立大学洛杉矶分校（美国，加利福尼亚州）的生物多样性和干旱实验中直接控制了大气相对湿度。 ）和两种土壤干旱处理（对照和干旱）。我们评估了混养植物群落和单个物种（Poa secunda）对大气干旱和土壤干旱的响应。
- 我们发现，当大气条件也干燥时，土壤干旱只会限制地上生物量的生产。我们还发现，当环境大气条件潮湿时，P。secunda受混养竞争的增加限制，而当大气条件干燥时，多样性促进了对虾的繁殖。
- 综合。较高多样性的生态系统可能能够保护单个物种免受干旱（促进）的负面影响。如果没有对大气干旱进行认真的实验操作，这一重要的机制将被遗漏。
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