In the past decades, the demand for platinum group metals (PGMs) has increased rapidly in various applications such as electronics, chemical engineering, biomedical devices, and automotive catalytic converters. Recovery of PGMs from secondary resources is necessary for addressing the supply issues. The migration of PGMs from solid to liquid streams is irreplaceable for achieving high-purity products. Hence, it is a meaningful issue to reduce resource depletion and avoid environmental pollution during separation processes. This paper systematically reviews various improvements and new technologies for the separation and purification of PGMs, including solvent extraction, membranes separation, supercritical fluids, solid-phase extraction, photoreduction, and electrochemical methods. The separation mechanism and optimized process parameters are summarized. Particularly, the advantages, challenges, and perspective are highlighted in terms of commercial applications. This study aims to present the current research for scholars, and to identify a promising PGMs separation method that is safe and effective. Finally, several recommendations have been proposed for the further promotion of separation technologies.

在过去的几十年中，铂族金属（PGM）的需求在电子，化学工程，生物医学设备和汽车催化转化器等各种应用中迅速增长。为了解决供应问题，必须从二手资源中回收铂族金属。PGM从固体流向液体流的迁移是不可替代的，以实现高纯度产品。因此，减少资源消耗并避免分离过程中的环境污染是一个有意义的问题。本文系统地综述了分离和纯化PGM的各种改进和新技术，包括溶剂萃取，膜分离，超临界流体，固相萃取，光还原和电化学方法。总结了分离机理和优化的工艺参数。特别是，在商业应用方面突出了优点，挑战和前景。这项研究旨在为学者们提供当前的研究，并确定一种安全有效的有前途的PGM分离方法。最后，为进一步推广分离技术提出了一些建议。