The experience of heap leaching (HL) was analyzed in the following cold climate regions: Alaska, Western regions of the United States, Canada, Kazakhstan, and Russia. The disadvantages of the developed domestic mobile units were uncovered, and the potential for creating HL mobile units was assessed to enable a year-round use of the technology, including in the cryolithozone. The results are presented, which were obtained during investigation of the material composition of the study object, i.e., technogenic gold-containing deposits of the Transbaikal region. The main element content of the mineral raw materials of the technogenic deposits was as follows: Au — 0.35 g/m3, Ag — 3.9 g/m3, SiO2 — 69.3 %, Al2O3 — 15.4 %, Fe2O3 — 5.9 %, CaO — 0.21 %, and MgO — 1.15 %. The phase forms of gold included: cyanidable (intergrown) — 2.3 %, “sealed in quartz” — 13.5 %, “enveloped” — 28.6 %, in magnetite — 55.6 %. A continuous process line was developed, which included the following four unit modules: gravity concentration, first stage of leaching (tank leaching), second stage of leaching (heap leaching), and sorption. The layout of the continuous process line (HL option during the period of subzero temperatures) is provided. The optimal values of the main process parameters of gravity concentration, as well as the first and second stages of leaching have been established experimentally. Prior to tank leaching, an active multiple-reagent solution based on sodium chloride, water and ozone compounds was prepared in a sealed electrochemical reactor. The tank was partitioned into three sections, in which the following operations were carried out in series: chemical opening of the gold-containing minerals; chlorine removal from the geomaterial; and tank leaching of gold. The total duration of heap leaching was 365 days, which was achieved by using two technological options: option 1 (195 days) — classic HL method (from early April to mid-October), option 2 (170 days) — heap leaching in stationary concrete cuvettes using engineering solutions during the period of subzero temperatures (from mid-October to the end of March). A schematic layout of the stationary concrete cuvette constructed in a special way and buried within a 5 to 8 m layer of soil above the ground level with shielding of the upper surface of the stack (heat-insulating covering, clay, large pieces of ore, sulfide rocks) is provided. Product solution drainage was used at various heights, and perforated rigid PVC pipes were used for supplying warm air deep inside the material. The recovery of gold from the technogenic raw materials was increased on average by 27.1 % due to a year-round heap leaching with the use of two technological options: 1 — by 28.7 % (from 58.1 to 86.8 %) using a classic HL method, and 2 — by 27.4 % (from 58.1 to 85.5 %) by using HL in stationary concrete cuvettes. It is proposed to utilize the secondary waste of the HL field (total of five types) in the road-building and construction industries.

中文翻译：

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常年在低温石化中堆浸金

在以下寒冷气候地区分析了堆浸 (HL) 的经验：阿拉斯加、美国西部地区、加拿大、哈萨克斯坦和俄罗斯。发现了已开发的国内移动装置的缺点，并评估了创建 HL 移动装置的潜力，以实现该技术的全年使用，包括在低温石化带中。介绍了在调查研究对象（即外贝加尔湖地区的技术成因含金矿床）的材料成分期间获得的结果。技术成矿矿床矿物原料主要元素含量如下：Au — 0.35 g/m3、Ag — 3.9 g/m3、SiO2 — 69.3 %、Al2O3 — 15.4 %、Fe2O3 — 5.9 %、CaO — 0.21 % , 和 MgO — 1.15%。金的相形式包括：可氰化（共生）——2.3%，“石英密封” — 13.5 %，“封装” — 28.6 %，磁铁矿 — 55.6 %。开发了一条连续生产线，其中包括以下四个单元模块：重力浓缩、第一阶段浸出（罐浸）、第二阶段浸出（堆浸）和吸附。提供了连续生产线的布局（零下温度期间的 HL 选项）。通过实验确定了重力浓缩的主要工艺参数以及第一和第二阶段浸出的最佳值。在槽浸之前，在密封的电化学反应器中制备基于氯化钠、水和臭氧化合物的活性多试剂溶液。罐体分为三个部分，依次进行以下操作：含金矿物的化学开孔；从地质材料中去除氯；和槽浸金。堆浸的总持续时间为 365 天，这是通过使用两种技术选项实现的：选项 1（195 天）——经典 HL 方法（从 4 月初到 10 月中旬），选项 2（170 天）——固定堆浸在零下温度期间（从 10 月中旬到 3 月底）使用工程解决方案的混凝土比色皿。以特殊方式建造并埋在地面以上 5 至 8 m 土壤层内的固定式混凝土比色皿示意图，并在堆垛上表面进行屏蔽（隔热覆盖物、粘土、大块矿石、提供硫化物岩石）。在不同高度使用产品溶液排水，穿孔的硬质 PVC 管用于提供材料深处的暖空气。由于全年采用两种技术选项进行堆浸，技术原料中的黄金回收率平均提高了 27.1 %： 1 — 使用经典 HL 方法提高 28.7 %（从 58.1 到 86.8 %），和 2 — 27.4 %（从 58.1 到 85.5 %）通过在固定混凝土比色皿中使用 HL。拟将 HL 场的二次废物（共 5 种）用于筑路和建筑行业。5 %) 通过在固定的混凝土比色皿中使用 HL。拟将 HL 场的二次废物（共 5 种）用于筑路和建筑行业。5 %) 通过在固定的混凝土比色皿中使用 HL。拟将 HL 场的二次废物（共 5 种）用于筑路和建筑行业。