Abstract

When submersible temperature sensors (TSs) are used to measure non-stationary temperatures or applied in systems for automatic control of non-stationary temperatures, it is necessary to know dynamic characteristics of the TSs. In Russian standards, dynamic characteristics of industrial TSs are specified only by the index of thermal inertia. Dynamic characteristics of some types of industrial TSs cannot be described with the required accuracy only by the thermal inertia indicator. Transmissive (transfer) functions of many TSs have an order of magnitude higher than the first and their time constants depend on the conditions of heat exchange with the measured medium. The aim of the work was to improve the accuracy of determination of dynamic characteristics of submergible TS for industrial and aviation purposes. A new method, based on spectral analysis of signal obtained from an experimental transient characteristic of TS, has been developed, in order to improve the accuracy of determination of dynamic characteristics of individual TS instances. This method makes it possible to determine the time constants of transfer functions that have an order higher than the first with high accuracy. To improve the accuracy of finding the dependence of TS nominal dynamic characteristics on the heat exchange conditions, a new method to construct the characteristic curves of thermal inertia has been developed. The technique is based on the use of two-dimensional regression analysis of experimental transient characteristics of individual instances of TSs, recorded at three or more heat transfer coefficients. Besides, a prediction technique was developed for nominal dynamic characteristics of TS for expected operating conditions, based on the use of established characteristic curves of thermal inertia of TS. Mathematical programs and computational procedures were developed to implement the proposed methods and techniques for determination of dynamic characteristics of TSs. The studies have shown that the proposed methods improve the accuracy of determination of dynamic characteristics of both submersible industrial TSs and aircraft gas temperature sensors.

中文翻译：

---

识别温度传感器的动态特性

摘要

当将潜水温度传感器（TSs）用于测量非平稳温度或将其应用于自动控制非平稳温度的系统时，有必要了解TS的动态特性。在俄罗斯标准中，仅通过热惯性指标来指定工业TS的动态特性。某些类型的工业TS的动态特性无法仅通过热惯性指示器以所需的精度来描述。许多TS的传输（传递）函数比第一个函数高一个数量级，并且它们的时间常数取决于与被测介质进行热交换的条件。这项工作的目的是提高确定用于工业和航空用途的潜水式TS动态特性的准确性。一种新方法 为了提高确定单个TS实例动态特性的准确性，已经开发了基于从TS的实验瞬态特性获得的信号的频谱分析的方法。该方法使得可以高精度地确定阶数比第一个阶高的传递函数的时间常数。为了提高寻找TS标称动态特性与换热条件的相关性的准确性，开发了一种构造热惯性特性曲线的新方法。该技术基于对TS单个实例的实验瞬态特性的二维回归分析的使用，并以三个或更多的传热系数进行记录。除了，基于已建立的TS热惯性特性曲线，开发了一种针对预期工作条件下TS标称动态特性的预测技术。开发了数学程序和计算程序来实现所提出的用于确定TS的动态特性的方法和技术。研究表明，所提出的方法提高了确定潜水工业TS和飞机气体温度传感器动态特性的准确性。