Abstract

Studies of capillary filtration (CF), which supports the isotonia of extracellular fluids in a vertebrate organism, are commonly considered within the “updated” Starling hypothesis developed on terrestrial vertebrates. This hypothesis explains the homeostasis of extracellular fluid in the body by the balance of the hydrostatic and oncotic pressures of plasma and interstitial fluid (the Starling forces) and the key role of plasma proteins in providing the capillary water transfer. The model is based on the intravascular localization of plasma proteins and the dominant contribution of albumin to its oncotic pressure (up to 80%). Due to a lack of antigravity adjustment in fish, the full recognition of Starling forces is considered incorrect. The review discusses a special “albumin-free” CF model for lower aquatic vertebrates. Like the classical one, this model proceeds from the key role of plasma proteins in the water transfer, but it also takes into account specific fish features such as a high concentration of total protein in interstitium, a high content of oligomeric proteins, and the absence of albumin (or its weak effect on water homeostasis). Oligomeric proteins play an important role in maintaining the isotonia of plasma and interstitial fluid due to their reorganization by associations/dissociations, which presumably contribute to the equalization of the fluid osmolality on both sides of the capillary wall and the maintenance of their isotonia in a wide range of environmental conditions.

中文翻译：

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血浆蛋白的结构组织是双鱼座毛细血管滤过的一个因素（综述）

摘要

毛细血管过滤（CF）的研究支持脊椎动物生物体中细胞外液的等渗，通常被认为是在陆生脊椎动物上开发的“更新的”史达琳假说中。该假设通过血浆和间质液的静水压力和渗透压（Starling力）的平衡以及血浆蛋白在提供毛细水传输中的关键作用来解释体内细胞外液的体内平衡。该模型基于血浆蛋白在血管内的定位以及白蛋白对其渗透压的主要贡献（高达80％）。由于鱼中缺乏反重力调节，因此完全认识到Star鸟力量是不正确的。这篇综述讨论了一种特殊的“低白蛋白” CF模型，用于低等水生脊椎动物。像经典的一样 该模型源于血浆蛋白在水转移中的关键作用，但它也考虑了鱼类的特定特征，例如间质中总蛋白的浓度高，寡聚蛋白含量高以及白蛋白（或其对水动态平衡的影响较弱）。寡聚蛋白由于通过缔合/解离而重组，因此在维持血浆和间质液的等渗中起着重要作用，这大概有助于毛细血管壁两侧的摩尔渗透压浓度的均衡以及在广泛范围内维持其等渗环境条件范围。寡聚蛋白含量高，缺乏白蛋白（或其对水动态平衡的弱影响）。寡聚蛋白由于通过缔合/解离而重组，因此在维持血浆和间质液的等渗中起着重要作用，这大概有助于毛细血管壁两侧的渗透压均等化并在广泛范围内维持其等渗环境条件范围。寡聚蛋白含量高，缺乏白蛋白（或其对水动态平衡的弱影响）。寡聚蛋白由于通过缔合/解离而重组，因此在维持血浆和间质液的等渗中起着重要作用，这大概有助于毛细血管壁两侧的渗透压均等化并在广泛范围内维持其等渗环境条件范围。