On-demand station-based one-way carsharing is widely adopted for battery electric vehicle sharing systems, which is regarded as a supplement of urban mobility and a promising approach to the utilization of green energy vehicles. The service model of these carsharing systems allows users to select vehicles based on their own judgment on vehicle battery endurance, while users tend to pick up vehicles with the longest endurance distances. This phenomenon makes instant-access systems lose efficiency on matching available vehicles with diverse user requests and limits carsharing systems for higher capacity. We proposed a vehicle assignment method to allocate vehicles to users that maximize the utility of battery, which requires the system to enable short-term reservation rather than instant access. The methodology is developed from an agent-based discrete event simulation framework with a first-come-first-serve logic module for instant access mode and a resource matching optimization module for short-term reservation mode. Results show that the short-term reservation mode can at most serve 20% more users and create 47% more revenue than instant access mode under the scenario of this research. This paper also points out the equilibrium between satisfying more users by efficiently allocating vehicles and distracting users by disabling instant access and suggests that the reservation time could be 15 minutes.

中文翻译：

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考虑电动汽车共享系统电池续航力的车辆分配

电动汽车共享系统广泛采用按需按站单向共享，这被认为是城市交通的补充，是一种利用绿色能源汽车的有前途的方法。这些汽车共享系统的服务模型允许用户根据自己对电池续航能力的判断来选择车辆，而用户往往会选择续航距离最长的车辆。这种现象使即时访问系统失去了在将可用车辆与各种用户需求匹配时的效率，并限制了汽车共享系统的更高容量。我们提出了一种车辆分配方法，将车辆分配给用户，以最大程度地利用电池，这需要系统启用短期预订而不是即时访问。该方法是从基于代理的离散事件模拟框架开发的，该框架具有用于即时访问模式的先到先服务逻辑模块和用于短期保留模式的资源匹配优化模块。结果表明，在本研究的情况下，短期保留模式最多可为即时访问模式提供20％的用户服务，并增加47％的收入。本文还指出了通过有效分配车辆来满足更多用户与通过禁用即时访问来分散用户之间的平衡，并建议保留时间为15分钟。结果表明，在本研究的情况下，短期保留模式最多可为即时访问模式提供20％的用户服务，并增加47％的收入。本文还指出了通过有效分配车辆来满足更多用户与通过禁用即时访问来分散用户之间的平衡，并建议保留时间为15分钟。结果表明，在本研究的情况下，短期保留模式最多可为即时访问模式提供20％的用户服务，并增加47％的收入。本文还指出了通过有效分配车辆来满足更多用户与通过禁用即时访问来分散用户之间的平衡，并建议保留时间为15分钟。