By adopting the hybrid coordinates, in which the nonlinearity of polarization displacement is included in the configuration space variables compared to the conventional gyrocenter coordinates, the polarization effects are analyzed by using the modern gyrokinetic (GK) theory of magnetized plasmas. Based on the invariant property, the velocity transformation between the gyrocenter and hybrid coordinates is calculated, and the phase-space velocity in terms of the hybrid coordinates is obtained. The linear and nonlinear polarization distribution functions are defined, and the evolutions for the polarization distribution functions are derived. It is well known that the polarization density is important in the GK calculation of particle density. Analogously, it is shown that the polarization current should be considered in the GK calculation of current density. In the case with electrostatic fluctuations, the roles of the polarization current are illustrated in the derivations of the Hasegawa-Mima equation and the dispersion relation for geodesic acoustic mode. In the case with magnetic fluctuations, the procedure for the GK calculation of perpendicular current is clarified, the dispersion relation for compressional Alfvén wave is derived, in which the effect of polarization current is discussed.

中文翻译：

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磁化等离子体回旋动力学理论中的极化效应分析

与传统的陀螺中心坐标相比，通过采用混合坐标（其中极化位移的非线性包括在配置空间变量中），使用现代的磁化等离子体的动力学（GK）理论分析了极化效应。基于不变性，计算了陀螺中心与混合坐标之间的速度转换，并获得了基于混合坐标的相空间速度。定义了线性和非线性极化分布函数，并推导了极化分布函数的演化。众所周知，极化密度在粒子密度的GK计算中很重要。类似地，结果表明，在电流密度的GK计算中应考虑极化电流。在静电起伏的情况下，极化电流的作用在长谷川-米玛方程的推导和测地声模的色散关系中得到了说明。阐明了在有磁波动的情况下，垂直电流的GK计算过程，推导了Alfvén压缩波的色散关系，并讨论了极化电流的影响。