Wild boar and domestic swine share several pathogens, including viruses responsible for reproductive failures, representing an important sanitary and economic risk for the swine industry. Among them, suid herpesvirus 1 (SuHV-1), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) are widely diffused in the wild boar population. Unfortunately, little is known about their pathogenetic mechanisms and impact on the reproductive parameters of wild animals. This study aims to investigate the presence of viruses responsible for reproductive failure in pregnant wild boar sows and their foetuses. The investigation was conducted on 46 pregnant wild boar and their foetuses by molecular analysis; a phylogenetic study was performed on the positive samples. All of the investigated pathogens were identified in sows, while only herpesvirus and circovirus were detected in the tissues of their foetuses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the viral sequences obtained from the positive wild boars were closely related to those previously identified in domestic swine belonging to the same study areas. The results suggest that SuHV-1 and PCV2 can infect wild boar foetuses, with a possible impact on wild boar reproductive performance. Moreover, our data highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of swine pathogens circulating in wild environments, so as to carry out adequate sanitary actions.

中文翻译：

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与意大利中部野猪繁殖失败相关的病毒病原体的检测和表征

野猪和家猪共有几种病原体，包括导致生殖衰竭的病毒，这对养猪业而言是重要的卫生和经济风险。其中，猪野疱疹病毒1（SuHV-1），猪圆环病毒2（PCV2）和猪细小病毒1（PPV1）在野猪种群中广泛传播。不幸的是，对其致病机制及其对野生动物生殖参数的影响知之甚少。这项研究的目的是调查导致怀孕野猪母猪及其胎儿繁殖失败的病毒的存在。通过分子分析对46只怀孕的野猪及其胎儿进行了调查。对阳性样品进行了系统发育研究。所有被调查的病原体都是在母猪中鉴定的，而在其胎儿的组织中仅检测到疱疹病毒和圆环病毒。系统发育分析表明，从阳性野猪获得的病毒序列与先前在同一研究区域的家猪中鉴定的序列密切相关。结果表明SuHV-1和PCV2可以感染野猪胎儿，可能对野猪繁殖性能产生影响。此外，我们的数据强调了持续监测在野生环境中循环的猪病原体的重要性，以进行适当的卫生措施。结果表明SuHV-1和PCV2可以感染野猪胎儿，可能对野猪繁殖性能产生影响。此外，我们的数据强调了持续监测在野生环境中循环的猪病原体的重要性，以进行适当的卫生措施。结果表明SuHV-1和PCV2可以感染野猪胎儿，可能对野猪繁殖性能产生影响。此外，我们的数据强调了持续监测在野生环境中循环的猪病原体的重要性，以进行适当的卫生措施。