This essay examines the decision of States to affirm the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR) and the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) in 2018, in light of the normative and institutional frameworks for refugees and migrants which underpin them, and the challenges that each compact respectively seeks to address. It details how the GCR seeks to reinforce international protection for refugees and the GCM aims for strengthened protection for the rights of migrants, as well as the scope for their application together to obviate protection gaps, including in the context of mixed movements. To illustrate this, the essay explores the potential application of the GCR and GCM to a specific mixed movement situation in the Mediterranean region. It outlines the potential of the compacts to provide a firmer basis for States and other actors to address challenges around large-scale arrivals and identification of those in need of international protection, while promoting respect in practice for the rights of all persons on the move in accordance with international law.

本文根据支撑难民和移民的规范和体制框架，审查了各国在2018年确认《全球难民契约》和《安全，有序和正规移民全球契约》的决定，以及每个契约分别寻求解决的挑战。它详细介绍了GCR如何寻求加强对难民的国际保护，GCM旨在加强对移民权利的保护，以及它们共同适用的范围，以消除保护差距，包括在混合运动中的差距。为了说明这一点，本文探讨了GCR和GCM在地中海地区特定混合运动情况下的潜在应用。