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Trivariate copula to design coastal structures
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.5194/nhess-21-239-2021
Olivier Orcel , Philippe Sergent , François Ropert

Some coastal structures must be redesigned in the future due to rising sea levels caused by climate change. The design of structures subjected to the actions of waves requires an accurate estimate of the long return period of such parameters as wave height, wave period, storm surge and more specifically their joint exceedance probabilities. The simplified Defra method that is currently used in particular for European coastal structures makes it possible to directly connect the joint exceedance probabilities to the product of the univariate probabilities by means of a single factor. These schematic correlations do not, however, represent all the complexity of the reality because of the use of this single factor. That may lead to damaging errors in coastal structure design. The aim of this paper is therefore to remedy the lack of robustness of these current approaches. To this end, we use copula theory with a copula function that aggregates joint distribution functions to their univariate margins. We select a bivariate copula that is adapted to our application by the likelihood method. In order to integrate extreme events, we also resort to the notion of tail dependence. The optimal copula parameter is estimated through the analysis of the tail dependence coefficient, the likelihood method and the mean error. The most robust copulas for our practical case with applications in Saint-Malo and Le Havre (in northern France) are the Clayton copula and the survival Gumbel copula. The originality of this paper is the creation of a new and robust trivariate copula with an analysis of the sensitivity to the method of construction and to the choice of the copula. Firstly, we select the best fitting of the bivariate copula with its parameter for the two most correlated univariate margins. Secondly, we build a trivariate function. For this purpose, we aggregate the bivariate function with the remaining univariate margin with its parameter. We show that this trivariate function satisfies the mathematical properties of the copula. We finally represent joint trivariate exceedance probabilities for a return period of 10, 100 and 1000 years. We finally conclude that the choice of the bivariate copula is more important for the accuracy of the trivariate copula than its own construction.

中文翻译:

三变量copula设计沿海结构

由于气候变化导致海平面上升,将来必须重新设计一些沿海建筑。受波浪作用的结构的设计需要准确估计诸如波浪高度,波浪周期,风暴潮等参数的长返回期,更具体地说是它们的联合超标概率。当前特别用于欧洲沿海结构的简化的Defra方法使得可以通过单个因素将联合超出概率直接与单变量概率的乘积联系起来。但是,由于使用了这一单一因素,这些示意性的相关性并不代表现实的所有复杂性。这可能会导致沿海结构设计中的破坏性错误。因此,本文的目的是纠正这些当前方法缺乏鲁棒性的问题。为此,我们使用带有copula函数的copula理论,该函数将联合分布函数聚合到其单变量边距。我们选择一种通过似然法适合我们的应用的双变量语系。为了整合极端事件,我们还求助于尾巴依赖的概念。通过分析尾部相关系数,似然法和平均误差来估计最佳的copula参数。对于我们在圣马洛和勒阿弗尔(法国北部)使用的实际案例而言,最坚固的copula是Clayton copula和幸存的Gumbel copula。本文的独创性在于创建了一个新的健壮的三变量copula,并分析了其对构造方法和copula选择的敏感性。首先,我们针对两个最相关的单变量边际,选择其参数最合适的双变量copula。其次,我们建立一个三变量函数。为此,我们将双变量函数与剩余的单变量余量及其参数进行汇总。我们表明,该三元函数满足了copula的数学特性。我们最终代表了10年,100年和1000年的回报期的三变量联合超出概率。最后,我们得出结论,对于三变量copula的准确性而言,二元copula的选择比其自身结构更重要。我们为两个相关性最高的单变量边距选择参数最合适的双变量copula。其次,我们建立一个三变量函数。为此,我们将双变量函数与剩余的单变量余量及其参数进行汇总。我们表明,该三元函数满足了copula的数学特性。我们最终代表了10年,100年和1000年的回报期的三变量联合超出概率。最后,我们得出结论,对于三变量copula的准确性而言,二元copula的选择比其自身结构更重要。我们为两个相关性最高的单变量边距选择参数最合适的双变量copula。其次,我们建立一个三变量函数。为此,我们将双变量函数与剩余的单变量余量及其参数进行汇总。我们表明,该三元函数满足了copula的数学特性。我们最终代表了10年,100年和1000年的回报期的三变量联合超出概率。最后,我们得出结论,对于三变量copula的准确性而言,二元copula的选择比其自身结构更重要。我们将双变量函数与剩余的单变量余量及其参数进行汇总。我们表明,该三元函数满足了copula的数学特性。我们最终代表了10年,100年和1000年的回报期的三变量联合超出概率。最后,我们得出结论,对于三变量copula的准确性而言,二元copula的选择比其自身结构更重要。我们将双变量函数与剩余的单变量余量及其参数进行汇总。我们表明,该三元函数满足了copula的数学特性。我们最终代表了10年,100年和1000年的回报期的三变量联合超出概率。最后,我们得出结论,对于三变量copula的准确性而言,二元copula的选择比其自身结构更重要。
更新日期:2021-01-25
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