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Meteor radar observations of polar mesospheric summer echoes over Svalbard
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.5194/amt-2021-14
Joel P. Younger , Iain M. Reid , Chris L. Adami , Chris M. Hall , Masaki Tsutsumi

Abstract. A 31 MHz meteor radar located in Svalbard has been used to observe polar mesospheric echoes (PMSE) during summer 2020. Data from 19 July was selected for detailed analysis, with a focus on extracting additional information to characterize the atmosphere in the PMSE region. The use of an all-sky meteor radar adds an additional use to data collected for meteor observations and enables the detection of PMSE layers across a wide field of view. Comparison with data from a 53.5 MHz narrow-beam MST radar shows good agreement in the morphology of the layer as detected between the two systems. Doppler spectra of PMSE layers reveal fine structure, including regions of enhanced return that move across the radar's field of view. The relationship between range and Doppler shift of off-zenith portions of the layer enable the estimation of wind speeds with high temporal resolution during PMSE conditions. Trials demonstrate good agreement between wind speeds obtained from PMSE Doppler spectra and those calculated from specular meteor trail radial velocities. Combined with the antenna polar diagram of the radar, this same relationship was used to infer the aspect sensitivity of observed PMSE backscatter, yielding a mean backscatter angular width of 6.6 ± 2.8°. A comparison of underdense meteor radar echo decay times during and outside of PMSE conditions did not demonstrate a strong correlation between the presence of PMSE and shortened underdense meteor radar echo durations.

中文翻译:

斯瓦尔巴群岛上极地中层夏季回波的流星雷达观测

摘要。位于斯瓦尔巴特群岛的31 MHz流星雷达已被用于观测2020年夏季的极地中层回波(PMSE)。选择了7月19日的数据进行详细分析,重点是提取其他信息以表征PMSE地区的大气。全天候流星雷达的使用为流星观测收集的数据增加了额外用途,并使得能够在宽视场范围内检测PMSE层。与来自53.5 MHz窄波束MST雷达的数据进行的比较表明,在两个系统之间检测到的层的形态具有很好的一致性。PMSE层的多普勒光谱揭示出精细的结构,包括在雷达视场中移动的增强回波区域。该层的离天顶部分的范围和多普勒频移之间的关系使得能够在PMSE条件下以高时间分辨率估算风速。试验表明,从PMSE多普勒谱获得的风速与从镜面流星迹径向速度计算出的风速之间具有良好的一致性。结合雷达的天线极坐标图,此相同关系可用来推断观察到的PMSE背向散射的纵横比灵敏度,从而产生6.6±2.8°的平均背向散射角宽度。在PMSE条件下以及在PMSE条件外,对低密度流星雷达回波衰减时间的比较未证明PMSE的存在与缩短的低密度流星雷达回波持续时间之间存在很强的相关性。试验表明,从PMSE多普勒谱获得的风速与从镜面流星迹径向速度计算出的风速之间具有良好的一致性。结合雷达的天线极坐标图,此相同关系可用来推断观察到的PMSE背向散射的纵横比灵敏度,从而产生6.6±2.8°的平均背向散射角宽度。在PMSE条件下以及在PMSE条件外,对低密度流星雷达回波衰减时间的比较未证明PMSE的存在与缩短的低密度流星雷达回波持续时间之间存在很强的相关性。试验表明,从PMSE多普勒谱获得的风速与从镜面流星迹径向速度计算出的风速之间具有良好的一致性。结合雷达的天线极坐标图,此相同关系可用来推断观察到的PMSE背向散射的纵横比灵敏度,从而产生6.6±2.8°的平均背向散射角宽度。在PMSE条件下以及在PMSE条件外,对低密度流星雷达回波衰减时间的比较未证明PMSE的存在与缩短的低密度流星雷达回波持续时间之间存在很强的相关性。产生的平均背向散射角宽度为6.6±2.8°。在PMSE条件下以及在PMSE条件外,对低密度流星雷达回波衰减时间的比较未证明PMSE的存在与缩短的低密度流星雷达回波持续时间之间存在很强的相关性。产生的平均背向散射角宽度为6.6±2.8°。在PMSE条件下以及在PMSE条件外,对低密度流星雷达回波衰减时间的比较未证明PMSE的存在与缩短的低密度流星雷达回波持续时间之间存在很强的相关性。
更新日期:2021-01-25
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