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Effects of ethanol on health and performance of poultry
World's Poultry Science Journal ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1866962
Muhammad Tanveer Munir 1 , Muhammad Tariq Javed 2 , Abdul Rehman 3 , Jennifer Danaidae Reyes Reyes 4, 5
Affiliation  

SUMMARY

Birds ingest ethanol when farmers feed it to treat mild respiratory infections and to improve the feed conversion ratio (FCR) or when birds are exposed to ethanol as avian models in alcohol-related studies. The literature reviewed indicates that feed intake is not influenced when ethanol is offered at <1% in feed and <5% in drinking water. However, after ingestion of ethanol at 2 ml/day (40% in drinking water), birds had 5% lower weight gain that continued to decrease up to 21% when the dose rate was increased to 6 ml/day. At more concentrated doses (95%), even 1 ml of ingestion per day caused haemorrhagic lesions throughout the gastrointestinal tract of chicks, causing about a 40% reduction in feed intake and up to 70% reduction in weight gain. Ethanol ingestion can increase feed conversion ratio in birds up to four times compared to that of the control, in a dose-dependent manner. Physiological and histopathological studies have shown that ethanol harms the organs of the immune system, brain, blood-forming tissues, gastrointestinal tract and other internal organs of birds, making it an important health and welfare risk. Experimental studies using avian models have also shown that pre-hatch exposure of embryos to ethanol can cause developmental and post-hatch growth retardation. This review article is intended to help decision-makers with implementing the guidelines for avoiding this misuse of alcohol with poultry, and researchers to identify low dose effects of ethanol on performance and avian model-related parameters.



中文翻译:

乙醇对家禽健康和生产性能的影响

概括

在农场主饲养酒精时,鸟类会摄取乙醇,以治疗轻度呼吸道感染并提高饲料转化率(FCR),或者当鸟类将酒精作为禽类模型暴露于禽类中时,鸟类会摄入乙醇。回顾的文献表明,当饲料中乙醇的含量<1%而饮用水中的乙醇含量<5%时,饲料的摄入量不会受到影响。但是,以2 ml /天(在饮用水中占40%)摄入乙醇后,家禽的体重增加降低了5%,当剂量率增加至6 ml /天时,体重增加持续降低至21%。在更高浓度(95%)的情况下,即使每天摄入1 ml,也会在雏鸡的胃肠道中引起出血性病变,从而导致饲料摄入量减少40%左右,体重增加最多减少70%。与对照组相比,摄入乙醇可以使家禽的饲料转化率提高多达四倍,并且呈剂量依赖性。生理和组织病理学研究表明,乙醇损害鸟类的免疫系统器官,大脑,造血组织,胃肠道和其他内部器官,使其成为重要的健康和福利风险。使用鸟类模型进行的实验研究还表明,孵化前将胚胎暴露于乙醇会导致发育和孵化后的生长迟缓。这篇综述文章旨在帮助决策者实施避免将酒精与家禽误用的准则,并帮助研究人员确定乙醇对性能和禽类模型相关参数的低剂量影响。生理和组织病理学研究表明,乙醇损害鸟类的免疫系统器官,大脑,造血组织,胃肠道和其他内部器官,使其成为重要的健康和福利风险。使用鸟类模型进行的实验研究还表明,孵化前将胚胎暴露于乙醇会导致发育和孵化后的生长迟缓。这篇综述文章旨在帮助决策者实施避免将酒精与家禽误用的准则,并帮助研究人员确定乙醇对生产性能和禽类模型相关参数的低剂量影响。生理和组织病理学研究表明,乙醇损害鸟类的免疫系统器官,大脑,造血组织,胃肠道和其他内部器官,使其成为重要的健康和福利风险。使用鸟类模型进行的实验研究还表明,孵化前将胚胎暴露于乙醇会导致发育和孵化后的生长迟缓。这篇综述文章旨在帮助决策者实施避免将酒精与家禽误用的准则,并帮助研究人员确定乙醇对性能和禽类模型相关参数的低剂量影响。使其成为重要的健康和福利风险。使用鸟类模型进行的实验研究还表明,孵化前将胚胎暴露于乙醇会导致发育和孵化后的生长迟缓。这篇综述文章旨在帮助决策者实施避免将酒精与家禽误用的准则,并帮助研究人员确定乙醇对性能和禽类模型相关参数的低剂量影响。使其成为重要的健康和福利风险。使用鸟类模型进行的实验研究还表明,孵化前将胚胎暴露于乙醇会导致发育和孵化后的生长迟缓。这篇综述文章旨在帮助决策者实施避免将酒精与家禽误用的准则,并帮助研究人员确定乙醇对生产性能和禽类模型相关参数的低剂量影响。

更新日期:2021-01-25
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