Deficits in attentional modulation of auditory N100 in first‐episode schizophrenia,European Journal of Neuroscience

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Deficits in attentional modulation of auditory N100 in first‐episode schizophrenia
European Journal of Neuroscience ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15128
Xi Ren ₁ , Sarah N. Fribance ₁ , Brian A. Coffman ₁ , Dean F. Salisbury ₁

Affiliation

Reductions of the auditory N100 are present in schizophrenia, even at the first episode (FESz). Because most studies examine auditory N100 on active target detection oddball tasks, it remains unclear if the abnormality in FESz results from sensory deficits or impaired enhancement of N100 by selective attention, or both. N100 was recorded from 21 FESz and 22 matched healthy controls (HC) on a single‐tone task and a two‐tone oddball task. Overall, N100 was smaller in FESz (p = .036). Attention enhanced N100 amplitude (p < .001), but this differed between groups, with FESz impaired in N100 modulation (group x attention, p = .012). The oddball task showed greater N100 enhancement than the single‐tone task (p < .001) in both groups. Group differences in N100 enhancement in the oddball task were large (Cohen's d = 0.85). Exploratory correlations showed that better N100 enhancement on the oddball task in FESz was associated with better MATRICS Overall Composite scores (cognitive tasks highly sensitive to psychosis), lower PANNS Negative factor and SANS scores, and better interpersonal (social) and role functioning in the last year. N100 during ignore conditions showed no significant difference between groups, albeit smaller in FESz, with small to medium effect sizes. Although sensory deficits in N100 are likely present, they are compounded by a failure to enhance N100 with attention. The failure of N100 enhancement by attentional gain control in FESz suggests functional dysconnection between cognitive control areas and the sensory cortex. N100 amplitude on active attention tasks may be a useful outcome biomarker for targeted enhancement of the cognitive control system.

中文翻译：

首发精神分裂症患者听觉N100的注意力调节不足

在精神分裂症中，即使在第一次发作时，听觉N100的减少也存在（FESz）。因为大多数研究都在主动目标检测奇异球任务上检查听觉N100，所以仍不清楚FESz的异常是否是由于感觉缺陷或选择性注意引起的N100增强受损或两者兼而有之。在单音任务和两音奇数球任务中，从21个FESz和22个匹配的健康对照（HC）中记录了N100。总体而言，N100在FESz中较小（p = .036）。注意会增强N100振幅（p <.001），但各组之间存在差异，而FESz会削弱N100调制（组x注意，p = .012）。奇数任务比单音任务显示出更大的N100增强（p 两组均<.001）。N100增强在怪胎任务中的群体差异很大（Cohen's d = 0.85）。探索性的相关性表明，FESz中奇异球任务的N100增强与更好的MATRICS总体综合得分（对精神病高度敏感的认知任务），PANNS负因素和SANS得分更低，以及人际（社交）和角色功能更好有关年。在忽略条件下，N100在各组之间没有显着差异，尽管FESz较小，但效应大小为中到小。尽管可能会出现N100的感觉缺陷，但由于注意力的缺乏而无法增强N100会加剧这些缺陷。通过FESz中的注意增益控制无法增强N100，这表明认知控制区域和感觉皮层之间的功能障碍。

更新日期：2021-01-25

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