The standard common‐reflection‐surface stacking method simulates high‐quality zero‐offset stacked data from multi‐coverage prestack data and, as by‐products, provides three kinematic wavefield attributes in two dimensions that can be applied to solve reflection seismic problems. One of the most significant applications of those attributes is for interpolation and enhancement of prestack data through the partial common‐reflection‐surface stack approach. Because this interpolation method is based on the stacking process, it usually introduces spurious noises that can create artefacts in the migration results. In order to overcome these limitations, a new prestack data interpolation and enhancement method is presented by applying the attributes and the common‐reflection‐surface operator based on two fundamental seismic imaging operations: the Kirchhoff‐type time migration and demigration. The diffraction curves required to apply these two fundamental operations are particular cases of the common‐reflection‐surface stack operator, which better fits the diffraction events and, consequently, is the best approximation for the Kirchhoff migration operator. From synthetic and real data, impulse responses of the migration and demigration operations are shown to demonstrate how this new approach regularizes and interpolates prestack data. A simple synthetic example shows good accuracy for reconstructed reflection events and well‐resolved conflicting dip events. The application example in real data reveals that the proposed approach provides cleaner regularized sections with better reconstructed events than the results of the well‐known partial common‐reflection‐surface stack approach. It has been successfully shown that the proposed approach is a well‐founded alternative for interpolation and denoising of seismic data and produces better preconditioned data for prestack migration.

中文翻译：

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叠前地震数据插值和增强，基于共反射面的偏移和偏移

标准的共反射面叠加方法可以从多次覆盖的叠前数据中模拟高质量的零偏移叠加数据，并作为副产品提供二维的三个运动波场属性，可用于解决反射地震问题。这些属性最重要的应用之一是通过部分共反射面叠加方法对叠前数据进行插值和增强。由于此插值方法基于堆叠过程，因此通常会引入杂散噪声，这些杂散噪声会在迁移结果中产生伪影。为了克服这些限制，基于两个基本地震成像操作，通过应用属性和共反射面算子，提出了一种新的叠前数据插值和增强方法：Kirchhoff型时间迁移和反迁移。应用这两个基本运算所需的衍射曲线是共反射面堆栈算子的特殊情况，它更好地拟合了衍射事件，因此，它是基尔霍夫偏移算子的最佳近似。从合成数据和真实数据中，可以看到迁移和反迁移操作的脉冲响应，以展示这种新方法如何规范化和插值叠前数据。一个简单的综合示例显示了重构反射事件和良好解决的冲突倾角事件的良好准确性。实际数据中的应用示例表明，与众所周知的部分共反射曲面叠加方法的结果相比，所提出的方法为更整齐的正则截面提供了更好的重建事件。