Comparative evaluation of the toxicological effect of silver salt (AgNO3) and silver nanoparticles on Cyprinus carpio synthesized by chemicals and marine algae using scanning electron microscopy,Microscopy Research and Technique

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Comparative evaluation of the toxicological effect of silver salt (AgNO3) and silver nanoparticles on Cyprinus carpio synthesized by chemicals and marine algae using scanning electron microscopy
Microscopy Research and Technique ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23710
Fareeha Liaqat ₁ , Uzma Hanif ₁ , Saraj Bahadur ₂ , Mehwish Faheem ₃ , Saba Rasool ₁ , Sadia Gulzar ₁ , Wajid Zaman _{4,

5} , Zara Urooj ₆ , Shabnum Shaheen ₇ , Mubashrah Munir ₈

Affiliation

The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) results in the unintentional release into the water body. Therefore, understanding of the potentially harmful impacts of AgNPs and Ag-salt on aquatic animals is a need of time. This study was design to analyze the oxidative stress and histopathological damages in Cyprinus carpio. The synthesis of AgNPs from Halymenia porphyraeformis and by reduction of chemical was done. Nanoparticles were characterized with UV–Visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis. The comparative toxicological effect of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ch-AgNPs), green silver nanoparticles (Gr-AgNPs), and Ag-salt on C. carpio was analyzed. For oxidative stress analysis, different tests Lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase, glutathione reduction (GST), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were performed. The highest LPO 245.168 ± 0.034 was recorded in Ch-AgNPs-treated gills and the lowest 56.4532 ± 0.02 was found in Gr-AgNPs-treated liver. Maximum GSH 56.4065 ± 0.13 was observed in Gr-AgNPs liver and minimum 40.781 ± 0.54 was recorded in Ag-salt gills. The maximum quantity of catalase 68.0162 ± 0.09 was noted in the Ag-salt-treated liver and the minimum was calculated 17.3665 ± 0.01 in the liver of Ch-AgNPs and highest values of GST 765.829 ± 0.11 were recorded in gills of Gr-AgNPs and lowest 633.08 ± 0.26 in the liver of Ch-AgNPs-treated fish. In conclusion, maximum destruction was found in the gills and liver of the fish treated with chemical and green AgNPs followed by Ag-salt as compared to control. The adverse effects of AgNPs and Ag-salt were probably related to the oxidative stress in the fish that lead to histopathological damage of its vital organs.

中文翻译：

使用扫描电子显微镜比较银盐 (AgNO3) 和银纳米粒子对化学制品和海藻合成的鲤鱼的毒理学影响

银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 的广泛使用导致无意释放到水体中。因此，了解 AgNPs 和 Ag 盐对水生动物的潜在有害影响需要时间。本研究旨在分析鲤鱼的氧化应激和组织病理学损伤。完成了从 Halymenia porphyraeformis和通过化学还原合成 AgNPs 。纳米颗粒通过紫外-可见光谱、SEM、XRD 和 FTIR 分析进行表征。化学合成的银纳米粒子 (Ch-AgNPs)、绿色银纳米粒子 (Gr-AgNPs) 和银盐对C. carpio 的毒理学影响比较进行了分析。对于氧化应激分析，进行了不同的脂质过氧化 (LPO)、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原 (GST) 和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST) 测试。在 Ch-AgNPs 处理的鳃中记录了最高的 LPO 245.168 ± 0.034，在 Gr-AgNPs 处理的肝脏中发现了最低的 56.4532 ± 0.02。在 Gr-AgNPs 肝脏中观察到最大 GSH 56.4065 ± 0.13，在 Ag 盐鳃中记录到最小 40.781 ± 0.54。在银盐处理的肝脏中注意到过氧化氢酶的最大量 68.0162 ± 0.09，在 Ch-AgNPs 的肝脏中计算出的最小值为 17.3665 ± 0.01，在 Gr-AgNPs 和Ch-AgNPs 处理的鱼的肝脏中最低为 633.08 ± 0.26。综上所述，与对照相比，在用化学和绿色 AgNPs 然后用 Ag 盐处理的鱼的鳃和肝脏中发现了最大的破坏。AgNPs 和 Ag 盐的不利影响可能与鱼体内的氧化应激导致其重要器官的组织病理学损伤有关。

更新日期：2021-01-25

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