BACKGROUND As a wine ages, altered sensory properties lead to changes in perceived quality and value. Concurrent modification of anthocyanin and tannin occur forming pigmented tannin, softening astringency and retaining persistent color. Wine tannin extracts of 1990 and 2010 vintages of Oakville Station Cabernet Sauvignon have been analyzed using normal phase chromatography with tandem quadrupole time of flight mass spectroscopy (QToF) to investigate the compositional differences in their pigmented tannin fractions. RESULTS The older wine demonstrates much greater structural diversity and a range of more polar compounds, while the younger wine contains fewer observed ion peaks. Several hundred molecular features are observable, and, as expected, there is progression to higher molecular weights after long aging. Between 7 and 16% of molecular features could be matched to a database of anticipated pigmented tannin compounds. Many signals had multiple possible isomeric identities, but fragmentation to resolve their identity was stymied by low sensitivity of MS2 capability provided by QToF, so isomeric disambiguation is incomplete. CONCLUSION The chromatography displayed a high degree of resolution in aged wines, separating many of the known pigment types, including aldehyde bridged compounds, pyranoanthocyanins, and direct condensation products among others, as well as resolving a great number of unknown compounds. Expanding our understanding of red wine pigments will lead to better wines as winemakers will be able to associate quality with particular wine pigment profiles once we can distinguish the relevant patterns in those pigments. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

---

纳米 HPLC 四极杆飞行时间串联质谱法正相色谱分离色素葡萄酒单宁并鉴定候选分子特征

背景技术随着葡萄酒的陈酿，感官特性的改变会导致感知质量和价值的变化。花青素和单宁同时发生修饰，形成色素单宁，软化涩味并保持持久的颜色。使用正相色谱和串联四极杆飞行时间质谱 (QToF) 分析了 1990 和 2010 年份奥克维尔站赤霞珠的葡萄酒单宁提取物，以研究其着色单宁部分的组成差异。结果 陈年葡萄酒表现出更大的结构多样性和一系列更具极性的化合物，而较年轻的葡萄酒含有较少的观察到的离子峰。可以观察到数百个分子特征，并且正如预期的那样，经过长时间老化后，分子量会逐渐升高。7% 到 16% 的分子特征可以与预期的色素单宁化合物数据库相匹配。许多信号具有多种可能的异构体身份，但是通过 QToF 提供的 MS2 功能的低灵敏度阻碍了解析其身份的碎片化，因此异构体消歧是不完整的。结论 色谱法在陈酿葡萄酒中显示出高度的分辨率，分离了许多已知的色素类型，包括醛桥化合物、吡喃花青素和直接缩合产物等，并解析了大量未知化合物。扩大我们对红葡萄酒色素的理解将带来更好的葡萄酒，因为一旦我们能够区分这些色素中的相关模式，酿酒师将能够将质量与特定的葡萄酒色素特征联系起来。本文受版权保护。版权所有。