Deficits in attentional modulation of auditory N100 in first‐episode schizophrenia,European Journal of Neuroscience

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Deficits in attentional modulation of auditory N100 in first‐episode schizophrenia
European Journal of Neuroscience ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 , DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15128
Xi Ren ₁ , Sarah N Fribance ₁ , Brian A Coffman ₁ , Dean F Salisbury ₁

Affiliation

Reductions of the auditory N100 are present in schizophrenia, even at the first episode (FESz). Because most studies examine auditory N100 on active target detection oddball tasks, it remains unclear if the abnormality in FESz results from sensory deficits or impaired enhancement of N100 by selective attention, or both. N100 was recorded from 21 FESz and 22 matched healthy controls (HC) on a single‐tone task and a two‐tone oddball task. Overall, N100 was smaller in FESz (p = .036). Attention enhanced N100 amplitude (p < .001), but this differed between groups, with FESz impaired in N100 modulation (group x attention, p = .012). The oddball task showed greater N100 enhancement than the single‐tone task (p < .001) in both groups. Group differences in N100 enhancement in the oddball task were large (Cohen's d = 0.85). Exploratory correlations showed that better N100 enhancement on the oddball task in FESz was associated with better MATRICS Overall Composite scores (cognitive tasks highly sensitive to psychosis), lower PANNS Negative factor and SANS scores, and better interpersonal (social) and role functioning in the last year. N100 during ignore conditions showed no significant difference between groups, albeit smaller in FESz, with small to medium effect sizes. Although sensory deficits in N100 are likely present, they are compounded by a failure to enhance N100 with attention. The failure of N100 enhancement by attentional gain control in FESz suggests functional dysconnection between cognitive control areas and the sensory cortex. N100 amplitude on active attention tasks may be a useful outcome biomarker for targeted enhancement of the cognitive control system.

中文翻译：

首发精神分裂症患者听觉 N100 的注意力调节缺陷

精神分裂症中存在听觉 N100 的降低，即使在第一集 (FESz) 时也是如此。由于大多数研究在主动目标检测古怪任务中检查听觉 N100，因此尚不清楚 FESz 的异常是由感觉缺陷还是由选择性注意对 N100 的增强受损引起的，或两者兼而有之。N100 是从 21 个 FESz 和 22 个匹配的健康对照 (HC) 在单音任务和双音古怪任务中记录的。总体而言，FESz 中的 N100 较小 ( p = .036)。注意增强 N100 幅度 ( p < .001)，但这在各组之间有所不同，FESz 在 N100 调制中受损（x 组注意，p = .012）。古怪任务显示出比单音任务更大的 N100 增强（p < .001) 在两组中。古怪任务中 N100 增强的组间差异很大（Cohen's d = 0.85)。探索性相关性表明，FESz 中古怪任务的更好 N100 增强与更好的 MATRICS 总体综合得分（对精神病高度敏感的认知任务）、更低的 PANNS 负因子和 SANS 得分以及更好的人际（社会）和角色功能在最后年。忽略条件下的 N100 显示组间没有显着差异，尽管 FESz 较小，效应大小为中小。尽管可能存在 N100 的感觉缺陷，但由于未能通过注意力增强 N100，它们变得更加复杂。FESz 中注意力增益控制对 N100 增强的失败表明认知控制区域和感觉皮层之间的功能失联。

更新日期：2021-01-25

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