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Valuing the invaluable: park visitors' perceived importance and willingness to pay for urban park trees in Pakistan
Ecosphere ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-24 , DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3348
Aisha Malik 1, 2 , Muhammad Zubair 2 , Syed Amir Manzoor 2, 3
Affiliation  

In complex urban systems, urban parks are rare hot spots of nature, responsible for delivering a range of ecosystem services. Trees are critically important components of urban parks that provide many benefits, and, at the same time, face challenges such as lack of funds, mismanagement, climate change, pests, and diseases. There is a growing need to increase the urban tree cover to sustain urban ecosystems. Successful policymaking requires engagement with all stakeholders, especially park users. An understanding of how people's perceptions of the benefits and challenges faced by urban park trees is pivotal to making decisions that have long‐standing support. We surveyed 521 park visitors in Multan, Pakistan, to assess their valuation of urban park trees, their understanding of the challenges faced by trees, and their willingness to pay (WTP) for increasing tree cover in urban parks. We found that people widely appreciated the ecosystem services provided by park trees. Provision of oxygen, shade, and clean air was considered the greatest benefits while cutting down, lack of space, and urbanization were perceived as the biggest challenges to trees. Respondents showed a WTP and believed in government–public cooperation for increasing tree cover. Income, age, and education were significant predictors of WTP. The study reflects findings in other development and geography contexts and highlights the need for broader dissemination of information on critical threats to park trees and underlines the potential for engaging locally to maximize effectively in the management of park trees.

中文翻译:

重视无价资产:公园游客对巴基斯坦城市公园树木的重要性和支付意愿的感知

在复杂的城市系统中,城市公园是自然界中罕见的热点,负责提供一系列的生态系统服务。树木是城市公园的重要组成部分,可带来许多好处,同时面临资金不足,管理不善,气候变化,病虫害和疾病等挑战。越来越需要增加城市树木的覆盖率以维持城市生态系统。成功的政策制定需要与所有利益相关者,尤其是公园用户的互动。了解人们对城市公园树木所面临的好处和挑战的看法,对于做出长期支持的决策至关重要。我们对巴基斯坦木尔坦的521名公园游客进行了调查,以评估他们对城市公园树木的估价,他们对树木所面临挑战的了解,以及他们愿意为增加城市公园的树木覆盖率而支付的费用。我们发现人们广泛赞赏公园树木提供的生态系统服务。提供氧气,遮荫和清洁空气被认为是最大的好处,而砍伐,空间不足和城市化则被视为对树木的最大挑战。受访者展示了WTP,并相信政府与公众之间的合作可以增加树木的覆盖率。收入,年龄和教育程度是WTP的重要预测指标。该研究反映了在其他发展和地理环境中的发现,并强调了需要广泛传播有关对公园树木的重大威胁的信息,并强调了在当地参与以最大程度地有效管理公园树木的潜力。我们发现人们广泛赞赏公园树木提供的生态系统服务。提供氧气,遮荫和清洁空气被认为是最大的好处,而砍伐,空间不足和城市化则被视为对树木的最大挑战。受访者展示了WTP,并相信政府与公众之间的合作可以增加树木的覆盖率。收入,年龄和教育程度是WTP的重要预测指标。该研究反映了在其他发展和地理环境中的发现,并强调了需要广泛传播有关对公园树木的重大威胁的信息,并强调了在当地参与以最大程度地有效管理公园树木的潜力。我们发现人们广泛赞赏公园树木提供的生态系统服务。提供氧气,遮荫和清洁空气被认为是最大的好处,而砍伐,空间不足和城市化则被视为对树木的最大挑战。受访者展示了WTP,并相信政府与公众之间的合作可以增加树木的覆盖率。收入,年龄和教育程度是WTP的重要预测指标。该研究反映了在其他发展和地理环境中的发现,并强调了需要广泛传播有关对公园树木的重大威胁的信息,并强调了在当地参与以最大程度地有效管理公园树木的潜力。空间不足,城市化被认为是树木面临的最大挑战。受访者展示了WTP,并相信政府与公众之间的合作可以增加树木的覆盖率。收入,年龄和教育程度是WTP的重要预测指标。该研究反映了在其他发展和地理环境中的发现,并强调了需要广泛传播有关对公园树木的重大威胁的信息,并强调了在当地参与以最大程度地有效管理公园树木的潜力。空间不足,城市化被认为是树木面临的最大挑战。受访者展示了WTP,并相信政府与公众之间的合作可以增加树木的覆盖率。收入,年龄和教育程度是WTP的重要预测指标。该研究反映了在其他发展和地理环境中的发现,并强调了需要广泛传播有关对公园树木的重大威胁的信息,并强调了在当地参与以最大程度地有效管理公园树木的潜力。
更新日期:2021-01-25
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