Managed retreat has become a compelling policy imperative as climate change exacerbates socio-natural hazard risks and imminent harm looms for exposed communities. Retreats may be initiated over different times and scales using various instruments by actors, from the state to the private sector and civil society. However, in the absence of a coherent strategic vision, guiding frameworks, and capacity to manage retreats, at-risk communities, their elected representatives, policy makers, and planners are compelled to embark on retreat governance experiments. Consequently, retreat is perceived as a ‘high regrets’ policy imperative with potentially adverse impacts for community wellbeing, as well as political and professional risks. To help translate managed retreat rhetoric into reality, this paper presents a governance framework that acknowledges the multiplicity of ‘managed retreats.’ Using examples from Aotearoa-New Zealand, we identify and delineate retreat modalities and clarify terminology, converging our framework with the international mobility literature to harness the valuable lessons from decades of human mobility practice.

随着气候变化加剧社会自然灾害风险以及受灾社区的迫在眉睫的隐患，有管理的务虚会已成为当务之急。从国家到私营部门和民间社会，行动者可以通过各种手段在不同的时间和规模上发起务虚会。然而，在缺乏一个连贯的战略眼光，指导框架和能力来管理务虚会，风险的社区，他们选出的代表，决策者和规划者不得不走上撤退治理实验。因此，务虚会被视为一项“高度遗憾”的政策，势必会对社区的福祉以及政治和职业风险造成不利影响。为了帮助将管理撤退的言论变成现实，本文提出了一个治理框架，该框架承认了“管理务虚会”的多重性。我们使用来自新西兰奥特罗阿（Aotearoa-New Zealand）的例子，确定并描绘了撤退方式，并澄清了术语，将我们的框架与国际流动性文献融合在一起，以汲取数十年来人类流动性实践的宝贵经验。